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June 19, 2013
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This Side of DemocracyPosted on Aug 30, 2010
This article originally ran on The Huffington Post. Ignorance and poverty, and the lack of material means generally, prevent people from exercising their rights and from taking advantage of [opportunities]. But rather than counting these and similar obstacles as restricting a person’s liberty, we count them as affecting the worth of liberty, that is, the usefulness to persons of their liberties. ~ John Rawls
Every American has the right to speak out, to express views, and to serve as an advocate for all manner of issues and prospective leaders. But having rights doesn’t necessarily mean they’re valuable, or even useful at all. At times, many ordinary Americans feel as though they’re just shooting blanks—electorally speaking of course—and with each new doubter in the process a vicious cycle ensues; the discouraged classes grow more cynical and abandon the civic process altogether, while select special interests exploit and occupy the space left behind. Campaign finance can be dry stuff, but it is ignored at one’s peril, as it is the current election funding regime—and the perverse incentives it fosters—that undergirds much of the integrity of our entire political structure and the policies it propounds. American democracy is in an era defined by political and economic strife, where the calls for reform are desperate and often shrill. This is of little surprise. The flaws in the system are obvious when one looks to the lukewarm reforms over the past year in health care and financial regulation, and the altogether abandoned cap and trade effort—all of which began with lofty promises, but ultimately pleased few when codified. It is a heady experience to think what would have come to pass had reforms already been in place two years ago to dilute the codependency between lawmakers and their benefactors. Millions of individual small donors helped usher Barack Obama into the White House. What if the same could be said for the 535 esteemed members of the United States Congress? Advertisement The 2008 Obama campaign made unprecedented gains in activating small donor participation through new media techniques that circumvented traditional barriers. But Organizing for America remains an exception, rather than the rule. While a full third of Obama’s general election contributions came from donors who gave $200 or less, for John McCain and Hillary Clinton it was but a fifth. And in 2004, for George W. Bush and John Kerry, it was only a fourth and a fifth, respectively. In the meantime, 2009 saw over 13,000 registered lobbyists swarming the nation’s Capitol with a record overall expenditure of $3.5 billion. That same rate is on track to be repeated this year, with overall lobbying expenditures as of July 26 totaling $1.78 billion. In particular, lobbying expenditures by the health and financial industries have skyrocketed. Their tactics are well known. The IMF’s Marcos Chamon and Stockholm University’s Ethan Kaplan describe in their “Iceberg Theory of Campaign Contributions” how the bulk of special interest influence comes from undisclosed threats (made far more credible by the Citizens United ruling), rather than disclosed largess. We’ll give a thousand bucks to your reelection campaign, but if we’re not pleased with your vote, we’ll give your challenger ten times that when reelection time rolls around. Elections are expensive, and they aren’t getting any cheaper. The average cost of winning a U.S. House seat tripled between 1986 and 2008, from $359,577 to $1,362,239, respectively. And in the Senate it jumped almost 50 percent between 1986 and 2006, from $6,025,962 to $9,435,839, respectively (with a slight dip back down in 2008 to $7,500,052). At the time of this writing, the total cost of the 2010 campaign season is already placed at just under $3 billion. In 2008, which included a historic presidential campaign, it capped out around $5.28 billion total. But more important than the sheer numbers—which are unprecedented in scale in American history—is from whence the money hails. For all House candidates between 2007 and 2008, political action committees (PACs) and the wealthiest individual donors contributed, on average, about 70 percent of each campaign’s total intake. And for all Congressional candidates between 2003 and 2006, individual small donors giving $200 or less amounted to an average of only 13 percent. With such little monetary input from average lower- and middle-class Americans, it is little wonder that Congress consistently passes such ham-handed regulations and munificent subsidies for special interest industries. Harvard University’s Lawrence Lessig has cataloged clear-cut examples in issue areas ranging from intellectual property law to nutrition to climate change where extant public policy runs counter to both scientific consensus and public opinion alike. There are laws and standards on the books that literally just do not make sense without a butcher’s thumb on the scale. Consider a classic case: the American sugar industry. According to Chamon and Kaplan, “the [U.S.] sugar program led to a net gain of over one billion dollars to the sugar industry in 1998. However, the sugar industry’s total campaign contributions in that election cycle were a mere $2.8 million, less than 0.3% of that net gain.” The actual benefit of the subsidizing the largest American sugar producers remains unknown, but all those small farmers who have been effectively crowded out of the market presumably have a long list of grievances. For many campaign finance reform activists, the prime (but so far unattainable) solution is to do away with electoral fundraising altogether, through a fully public funding regime at the federal level. With the burden of fund-raising gone, incumbents—whose salary taxpayers pay anyway—could spend their time actually governing and legislating for their constituents, rather than hosting $1,000 luncheons and groveling at the feet of the most pecunious lobbyist bundlers and donors. Campaigns would focus on actually speaking with voters about pertinent issues, rather than striking backroom deals. Of course, this solution is easier said than done. Other than for the presidency, fully publicly funded elections have never enjoyed even remotely enough political support on the federal level. What incumbent senator or congressman would willingly break those lucrative ties he or she has forged over the years? Most measures that seek to control the flow of money into politics and elections are restrictive, and can easily be used to paint a politician as an enemy of business or free expression, rather than a battler of corruption. And why spoil that cushy job on Wall Street or K Street waiting for you after you leave public office?
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By Anarcissie, September 1, 2010 at 5:24 pm Link to this comment
gerard—My phraseology could have been ‘If there is a lot of power in one place….’ However, yes, someone does create political power: people who like or believe in having powerful leaders or powerful states. Under present conditions, that seems to be the majority, although maybe as you suggest the majority just don’t care and it’s an active, probably sociopathic minority that see to the accumulation and arrangement of political power.
I don’t see much active belief in actual markets, even at the cat food level. (Cat food manufacturers multiply brands and pay off supermarket managers to take up shelf space, that is, deny other brands access to customers.) Talk about free markets on the part of most capitalists is about the same as talk about peace, justice, equality and freedom on the part of politicians.
I am hoping our present condition of superstition, irrationality, passivity and sycophancy is an after-effect of several thousand years of servitude—‘the shadow of slavery’ as I sometimes call it—from which we may be emerging. I am pessimistic but at least once a week I do my little political thing to try to move things the other way.
Report thisBy Gmonst, September 1, 2010 at 3:40 pm Link to this comment
All the great achievements human beings have accomplished, and all the horrors they have accomplished as well have only been possible by the collective effort of people. Not solitary efforts. Individualism is good to a point, I believe strongly in personal freedom. However, there seems to be a track of thinking in this country that sees working together as some kind of weakness. As if we should all be able to go out in the woods and build our own advanced civilization. As if every human accomplishment didn’t come about from the collective effort of many individuals working together.
Imagine what could be possible if we could recognize the essential needs of humanity on this planet and work together to achieve it. We now have the technology to house, feed, and clothe every living person on the planet. Not this country alone but all countries working together. Its only our collective choice to not do it that stops us. I believe in a slow and ongoing cultural shift that begins to see the human in the “other” tribe, nation, religion, etc. So we can put our taxes toward helping others without feeling like we are getting ripped off.
The strangest thing is this whole time, corporate power is the benefactor of our tax dollars in a wide variety of ways. We argue amongst ourselves about if its a rip-off to help each other while the wealthiest amongst us take more of everyone’s treasure than any poor person ever will.
Report thisBy gerard, September 1, 2010 at 1:12 pm Link to this comment
Anarchissie: You say: ” If you put a lot of power in one place, especially coercive power,...” Is it your thought that we, somebody, some non-human agent “put a lot of power in one place.” Or ...?
Report thisMy analysis relies on the pervasiveness of political inertia and on the fact that individualism as a political “philosophy” discourages organized
political action.
I know we are talking about abstractions here
but your phrase “if you put ...” begs for my question. There seems to me to be an important difference between (passive) allowing a lot of power to accrue to one place and (active) putting power
in one place. Of course the results are largely the same, but the solution to accruing problems seems to demand a different answer.
My contention is that our problems have been allowed to accrue because we have (over a long period of time, and due largely to individualism) allowed power to accrue in the hands of “the market”
as our “sacred bull”. Not that I’m promoting religion here, but yes, certainly those vague “higher things” that come under the vague but important concept of “spirituality”, “morality”, etc.
Or, in other words, how much of this is conscious and how much unintentioinal? It is easy to see now the conscious manipulations by centers of power. But I am also interested in knowing what there is to know about how we got here—not incident by incident, but cause by cause. Am I nuts?
By rico, suave, August 31, 2010 at 4:16 pm Link to this comment
The urge to look out for each other is directly correlated to the proximity of personal relationship. This is not a new concept.
In order: I look out for myself, for my immediate family, for my extended family, for my clan, my tribe, my nation, the human race. Pick your meaning for clan and tribe, and (for you ‘we-are-the-world’ types) nation. You know what I mean.
Coercive government aid programs have inverted the heirarchy and people are rebelling. If I am less able to take care of my family because government has decided FOR ME that some distant tribe is more important and taxes me to help them, it’s going to piss me off. No one can honestly disagree with that.
Everybody has somebody, somewhere.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, August 31, 2010 at 11:55 am Link to this comment
As I just mentioned, the government is coercive. If you put a lot of power in one place, especially coercive power, you can expect those who are strongly attracted to power—sociopaths, generally—to try to get into that place. Some will succeed, as we observe in our own government. One often calls this ‘corruption’, but actually it is simply the logical consequence of the idea of the state.
Report thisBy gerard, August 31, 2010 at 11:33 am Link to this comment
Gmonst: We thought, we hoped, we believed, we even trusted that government is the people’s collective—but now we know that it isn’t.
Report thisOf course it can work that way—but apparently it isn’t going to work that way without a lot more help from its overly humble constituents.
It’s elites have bought it, had it gift-wrapped and sent to a handful of monkeys in suits, playing casino on a $350 million dollar yacht named “Secure Horizons” moored out in the middle of the Atlantic, watching the glaciers melt.
By Gmonst, August 31, 2010 at 10:45 am Link to this comment
I thought that is what government is supposed to be the collective of the people. Doing work for the people. Just because its not working that way doesn’t mean it can’t work that way.
Report thisBy gerard, August 31, 2010 at 10:07 am Link to this comment
Note: Again, haste makes waste. My just previous comment should have been addressed to “Stuart Whatley”, not “Bill”. I regret the error in attribution.
Report thisBy gerard, August 31, 2010 at 8:47 am Link to this comment
Bill, I’m afraid Granny D would laugh (behind her handerkerchief, perhaps) at much of your article.
Your vocabulary gives you away in most of it:
“simple tricks” “a semblance of” “specifically purposed subsidies” “distill information into..”
“simple measures” “reader-friendly format” “enhance wider civic involvement: and above all, the airy-fairy “legislators and administration should do all they can to convince the people that one’s vote actually matters”
Where have you been all this time? It’s the “legislators and administration” that have done all they can for decades to create the situation where people’s votes DO NOT actually matter. They are the one’s who decided that money is what matters.
How I wish it were a “simple matter”! Truth is (and Granny D would know it) the people themselves are going to have to work for necessary changes in every way they can. Time and energy and thought and cooperation and all kinds of non-violent processes are going to be required. Are we up to it? We’ll soon find out.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, August 31, 2010 at 6:50 am Link to this comment
Gmonst—Don’t forget that government is coercive. This fact deeply affects what it does and how it does it. If people desire collectivities there is nothing to stop them from voluntarily forming them. If force is necessary something is amiss.
Report thisBy Shift, August 31, 2010 at 6:23 am Link to this comment
Soft, divided, and confused Americans lack the current capacity to define and act in their best interests. The sweaty happy hoards feed their children to the wars that benefit the plutocracy; rail against unions that support their economic well being, vote for people who openly support criminal banksters; love their dogs and kick their spouses. Freedom has rung itself out. Liberty is propaganda.
Report thisBy Gmonst, August 31, 2010 at 1:30 am Link to this comment
No I can’t exist completely alone. Maybe I could survive for a while, but it wouldn’t really be much more than that. We who live the modern world are hopelessly intertwined with each other from the richest person to the poorest none of us can exist completely apart from one another.
I am not talking about welfare or being a welfare slave, I personally am self employed and have never taken a dime of handouts from the government. However, my upbringing, stable home, loving parents, and education have given me many advantages that others may not have gotten. I believe in having a government that works for all of us not just a few who have a lot of money, or those who had the many advantages of a stable upbringing.
You mention falling back on your family if things get really bad, there is a comfort in knowing you have people that care and have your back. I am suggesting a change in perspective that sees all the fellows of our country as part of our family, and then sees the fellow humans sharing the ride on this planet as our family. When we can put our resources (already collected as taxes) into priorities of providing health and prosperity for everyone, I firmly believe it will be a better world for us all. Yes, some will exploit a system that provides guarantees of food housing, and health care. Some will not strive to be better or rise up, but they won’t be on the edge feeling desperate, doing things like crime that desperate people do when they exist on the edge of a society that doesn’t give a shit about them. This stability alone will probably mean a lot more children will be raised in an atmosphere of relative stability and have a better chance to do and be better, gain a good education and become good contributing members of society as adults. It seems to me that the benefits of such approach would far outweigh having some take advantage of the system.
Report thisBy rico, suave, August 30, 2010 at 7:04 pm Link to this comment
Gmonst:
Don’t know. I have my family to fall back on if it comes to that. Know how to grow food, fix things. Don’t need to be a government welfare slave. How about you?
Report thisBy Anarcissie, August 30, 2010 at 6:45 pm Link to this comment
What closet?
As for the voting placards, I don’t think they have enough languages. Same old same old English, Spanish, Chinese, Korean. What have they got against the Uzbeks?
Report thisBy Gmonst, August 30, 2010 at 6:09 pm Link to this comment
Rico, can you exist completely alone?
Report thisBy rico, suave, August 30, 2010 at 4:58 pm Link to this comment
Anarcissie:
Fair enough. I’m just glad you came out of the closet. Don’t “walk back,” as the new, cool locution has it, from your stance. I, too, could give a shit about the mosque, and hate the war. But, it pisses me off that my tax dollars go toward printing those signs, even if it’s just showing off.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, August 30, 2010 at 4:47 pm Link to this comment
rico, suave—I did give a standard hard-core libertarian analysis there, but it has been my impression that the Tea Parties have pretty much gotten rid of the libertarians. Palin talks of ‘strong defense’ (that is, war and empire) and no true libertarian likes war and empire. By and large, Tea Partiers seem to not mind big corporations, whereas hardcore libertarians are often anticorporate to the point of saying corporations shouldn’t exist. A lot of Tea Partiers degraded themselves by joining the ‘Ground Zero Mosque’ circus, whereas a consistent libertarian would vehemently defend the rights of everyone to use of their property and freedom of speech and religion. I could go on but I’m sure you get the idea. However, I’m not really an authority on the Tea Parties, I just see what crops up in the news.
I do like to give progs some libertarianism to chew on now and then; it’s good for their teeth and contains vitamins. I was hoping someone would chew on my latest, but no luck so far.
In regard to your question about the multilingual election sign, I think it’s just walking the dog. Practically anyone who wants to vote can read enough English to find the polling places and mark a ballot. However, here in New York City we’re proud of our polyglot population and culture and official signs and publications often come in a dizzying variety of languages, just to show off.
Report thisBy rico, suave, August 30, 2010 at 4:02 pm Link to this comment
Gmonst:
“If we can remain focused on the collective…”
Ouch!!
Report thisBy ofersince72, August 30, 2010 at 4:00 pm Link to this comment
Gmonst….........thankyou…..........................
Report thisBy rico, suave, August 30, 2010 at 3:59 pm Link to this comment
Anarcissie:
“Obviously, if one has a large, powerful, centralized, pervasive government it will attract corruption, because it will afford many opportunities for power and profit; the corrupters will then strive to make it yet more large, powerful, centralized, pervasive and corrupt.”
Good on ya! Welcome to the Tea Party! You could NOT have described the central premise of the Tea Party movement any more precisely! You are my hero!
Report thisBy rico, suave, August 30, 2010 at 3:54 pm Link to this comment
I like the sign in front of the voting station (NOT!). Why is it necessary to post the instructions in four different languages? I thought a rudimentary understanding of English was a condition of citizenship, which is a condition of the right to vote. How fluent in English do you have to be to understand “Vote Here”? What are we, Canada?
Report thisBy Gmonst, August 30, 2010 at 3:35 pm Link to this comment
This is certainly one of the most important and biggest challenges facing democracy in the United States. The system as it stands is corrupt to the core.
I think the basic point of this article is that he power and the money is there to turn the tide, if we work together. In reality we DO have more power than wealthy elite if we become one collective force. I think that its true, but the difficulty lies in getting people to work together for the interest of the community in general. There is so much bifurcation, misinformation, fear-mongering and distortion coming from the media that its impossible to get the American people to really work together. Its very easy to spread bullshit, but its very hard, tiring work to counter-act a never ending stream of bullshit.
All of us humans have needs that are remarkably similar. The only thing stopping us from doing better is the fear of the “other,” and a selfishness in wanting to have more than others around us. We all fall prey to this mentality, its probably a natural tendency from the ape-troop hierarchy of our collective past.
As I see it the only way this can change is through a shift in our cultural system. As individuals we can facilitate this change by always trying to see the humanity of the “others.”
Terrorists, dictators, neo-conservatives, corporatists, progressives, democrats, republicans, extremist-Christians, extremist Jews, extremist Muslims, communists, Palestinians, etc. They are all humans with the same needs and wants as you or me. If we can recognize those basic needs and desires as driving all human behavior we can truly see humanity as our own family, our sisters and brothers to be protected and taken care of, for they are all much more like me than unlike me. Once this vision is in place within ourselves (internal change is the catalyst for external change) it will become contagious without requiring a brow beating effort on our part. Don’t retreat or reload, put down your guns and offer a hug. Its not naive, its bravery in its highest form.
If we can remain focused on the collective need of us all and remain fearless in the face of misinformation, propaganda, lies, and distortion the world will change for the better.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, August 30, 2010 at 1:49 pm Link to this comment
Obviously, if one has a large, powerful, centralized, pervasive government it will attract corruption, because it will afford many opportunities for power and profit; the corrupters will then strive to make it yet more large, powerful, centralized, pervasive and corrupt.
Report thisBy gerard, August 30, 2010 at 1:19 pm Link to this comment
Mr. Whatley: On your point: ” Faith in government and the value of exercising one’s liberties must be restored. .... legislators and the administration must do all they can to convince the people that one’s vote actually matters ...”
Report thisHow is this to be done if voters’ opinions are relegated to inconsequentiality when they are up against the money and opinions of corporations?
Especially since the despicable Supreme Court chose to give legal sanction to the repression of the public’s voice!
How nine people could throw an entire democracy to the winds and keep their heads up is beyond me. This was, and is, a devastating blow to an elective democracy (which has at the same time a number of other overwhelming problems needing broad input from ordinary people).
The one thing that would do more than anything else, and at one stroke, would be to GIVE BACK the public voice (means free media time and space—in the public interest). Nothing but evil intent denies the people this access in the first place and reduces them to ineffectual pleading or to defeatism as a result of being excluded from meaningful participation in their own government.
This needs to be recognized as the shocking travesty it is—and changed immediately! SCOTUS, are you listening? Of course not. That’s the problem!