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Keep the Government Out of the News Business

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Posted on Nov 5, 2009
I.F. Stone
kean.edu

What Would Izzy Do?: I.F. Stone wasn’t afraid to strike out on his own as an independent journalist.

By Bill Boyarsky

As news organizations shed decent salaries, reasonable working conditions and job security, the business is heading toward a day when it will attract only inquisitive, rebellious misfits. From this group will emerge a few who are talented, tough and driven enough to become the I.F. Stones of the 21st century.

Izzy Stone was a muckraking liberal anti-Cold War journalist who couldn’t get a job during the McCarthy era and went out on his own with the one-man I.F. Stone’s Weekly. “I made no claim to inside stuff—obviously a radical reporter in those days had few pipelines into the government,” wrote Stone, who died in 1989. “I tried to give information which could be documented so the reader could check it for himself. I tried to dig the truth out of hearings, official transcripts and government documents, and to be as accurate as possible. … In the worst days of the witch hunt and cold war, I felt like a guerilla warrior, swooping down in surprise attack on a stuffy bureaucracy where it least expected independent inquiry.”

By reading many newspapers, he discovered that the 1957 underground nuclear tests had been felt 2,600 miles from the Nevada test site. This indicated that a network of stations far away could detect a nuclear test and police a test ban agreement. It was an important point to supporters of a nuclear test ban treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union. It countered the argument of test ban foes who said tests were undetectable 200 miles away from the test site. Stone said that “by telephoning around,” he found a seismologist in the Coast and Geodetic Survey who confirmed to him that the blast had been felt in Fairbanks, Alaska, 2,600 miles from the test. With that, he had his story.

I’ve been thinking of Stone while reading the growing stack of reports and essays giving recommendations on how to save the declining news business. The outrageous solution increasingly favored by the journalism establishment is one that Stone would have hated—turning to Washington for help. It would place the news business in the hands of the same federal government that has tried to stifle many generations of independent reporters such as I.F. Stone. 

Growing acceptance of the idea says much about the mentality of mainstream journalism leaders, an attitude that we and the government are on the same side. This is the mentality that led to the news establishment’s acceptance of the Iraq War. 

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The latest of such proposals comes from Leonard Downie Jr., former executive editor of The Washington Post, and professor Michael Schudson of Columbia University in a study called “The Reconstruction of American Journalism.”

They want the Internal Revenue Service and Congress to allow news organizations to be designated nonprofit organizations under certain conditions. This would permit them to accept tax-deductible donations and foundation grants under Section 501(c)(3) of the tax code.

At present, the tax exemption is granted to charitable, religious, educational, scientific, sports and anti-animal-cruelty organizations. Downie and Schudson propose adding “news organizations substantially devoted to public affairs reporting.”

Anyone who thinks the fox can be safely admitted to this particular henhouse should read what happened almost 20 years ago to Mother Jones, the excellent liberal investigative magazine. 

Mother Jones was founded by the Foundation for National Progress and soon made a name for itself with exposés of the exploding Ford Pinto car and tobacco industry lobbying in Washington. The Internal Revenue Service said the foundation qualified as tax exempt. But in the last days of the Carter administration the IRS began an audit. Then, in 1981, the Reagan administration moved to revoke the tax-exempt status of the foundation on the phony grounds that Mother Jones was a moneymaking publication. It was money-losing, bereft of big advertisers, especially after the Pinto and tobacco exposés.

“We watched the once innocuous audit become increasing repressive under the Reagan administration,” said Deirdre English, then the editor.

After three years in which Mother Jones spent $100,000 for legal fees, the IRS reversed itself. But the case shows how naive—to put it kindly—that Downie, Schudson and others of their ilk are in asking Washington for help. No matter how many of their proposed amendments to the tax code are made, a hostile administration can bend and twist the law to damage or close down any publication, Web site or broadcast station that criticizes it.

Just as dangerous is the Downie-Schudson proposal that the federal government create a national Fund for Local News from fees on telecom, broadcast and Internet service providers. “These funds would be administered in open competition through state Local News Councils,” they said.

Their proposal says the “criteria for grants should be journalistic quality, local relevance, innovation in news reporting and the capacity of the news organization … to carry out the reporting.” That’s not what would happen. Every politician and statehouse fixer would try to shape the councils and the grants. What about a little West Virginia paper that proposes an investigation of the coal industry or a Connecticut Web site that wants to dig into the insurance business? Would they get news council grants?

It’s also important to recall the history of two federal commissions that hand out grants, the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities. President Ronald Reagan tried to abolish the National Endowment for the Arts, and it was under heavy pressure from the right throughout the 1980s. The National Endowment for the Humanities was led by two famous right-wingers, William Bennett and Lynne Cheney, and gained a reputation for avoiding controversy and denying grants to anyone from the left.

The idea of government help reflects the airy vision of news executives and their allies in journalism education.

They think government aid would restore the days of well-financed journalism with teams of reporters, supervised by editors, investigating potential scandal and being permitted to take months at a time to do it. Actually, such reporting occurred in only a brief period, from the 1960s through the ’80s, when a few national newspapers, the television networks and the news magazines were dominant. Their near-monopoly status allowed them to finance large investigative reporting staffs and an expensive news-gathering process. I was a reporter and editor in those days, and they were great for the journalists and for society.

But that’s ended. The news business is returning to the low-paid days when I began. Advertisers will have more clout than editors. Insecure bosses of Web sites, broadcast stations and newspapers, fearful of being fired, will tyrannize young reporters, who will be judged by the volume rather than the quality of their work. Reporters will be urged to be nice to advertisers. They will not be allowed the time—or be given the encouragement—to dig into the corruption they might see on their daily rounds. They won’t be permitted to make trouble.

Only a few will be persistent or fortunate enough to have an opportunity to raise hell—and they’ll have to do it on their own for little or no money and for small audiences. I had such an opportunity when I was a young legislative correspondent in the California capital, Sacramento. Phil Kerby, the editor of a small liberal magazine, Frontier, encouraged me to write about the lobbyists and special interests that ran the Capitol. Get the real story, he said. Frontier paid a pittance, and I worked weekends to get the stories. But I began to learn how to be a real reporter.

Kerby was someone to emulate, as was Stone. “I am a wholly independent newspaperman, standing alone, without organizational or party backing, beholden to no one but my good readers,” Stone wrote. He didn’t do it by relying on the tax code or writing proposals for foundations. All he accepted from government was permission to send out the Weekly as second-class mail, a right granted newspapers when the nation was founded.

We hope in the future we’ll see more I.F. Stones, more guerrilla warriors on the Web, in print and on the air. Because of them—and not because of a government handout—great reporting will survive, as it always has.


Elsewhere: .

Comments

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By Virginia777, November 9, 2009 at 12:38 am #

keep the government out of news media?

and allow them to continue under corporate control? (with all of their gross manipulation of the truth)

Please.

Report this

By liecatcher, November 8, 2009 at 11:00 pm #

It’s crucial to qualify the term government. What the

U.S. has now is an institution owned & operated by

Wall Street for Wall Street. To pretend we still have

a democracy would be like having AA meetings in a

Blarney Stone Pub or Jack Daniel’s Whiskey Distillery.

Report this

By Folktruther, November 7, 2009 at 6:56 am #

Patrick Henry is quite right; the US government has been knee deep into the news, including, and perhaps especially, the CIA and intelligence agencies and the Pentagon.  And this will not change until we get news contolled and produced by “inquisitive, rebellious, missfits” that Boyarsky bemoans, instead of bribed, conformist hacks like himself.

How to develop such a truth system is a central question in how to transform the American power system.

Report this

By prole, November 6, 2009 at 4:57 pm #

“…wrote Stone, who died in 1989…’I tried to dig the truth out of hearings, official transcripts and government documents’” – so that’s where ‘truthdig’ comes from! But if it’s, “…the mentality of mainstream journalism leaders, an attitude that we and the government are on the same side. This is the mentality that led to the news establishment’s acceptance of the Iraq War.”  And this too is the mentality of mainstream journalism leadrs, an attitude that we and the Israeli government are on the same side. The sadistic mentality also of zionist hypocrite Boyarsky who went even further than many mainstream journalism leadrs in acceptance of Israel’s terrorist attack on Gaza last winter, and extols just about everything else the fascistic Jewish State does. “Anyone who thinks the fox can be safely admitted to this particular henhouse should read what” old Zionist fox Boyarsky said in January about Gaza. “The idea of government help” to Israel in these crimes “reflects the airy vision of news executives and their allies in journalism education” - and Boyarsky - who provide ideological cover for the Zionist entity. “…from the 1960s through the ’80s, when a few national newspapers, the television networks and the news magazines were dominant[,] their near-monopoly status allowed them to finance large investigative reporting staffs and an expensive news-gathering process. I was a reporter and editor in those days, and they were great for the journalists and for society.” How “great” those days were for American society is debatable – but they certainly were not great for Palestinians. This was the start and consolidation of the illegal military occupation – and the near-monopoly press support for Israel in this dark period and the near-total exclusion of any Palestinian voices was [and largely continues to be] despicable. Despite their “large investigative reporting staffs and an expensive news-gathering process”, they still could find no room for any Palestinian coverage, thanks to the near-monopoly of zionist reporters and editors like Boyarsky in the press. So if, “that’s ended” – three cheers! The fewer Boyarsky’s we have in the media, the better! The rise of new, more ethical, unbiased news organizations like Al-Jazeera is a breath of fresh air! In the U.S, no doubt AIPAC still “will have more clout than editors…. Reporters will be urged to be nice to Israel and its minions. They will not be allowed the time—or be given the encouragement—to dig into the corruption and war crimes they might see” in Israel and the Occupied Territories. “They won’t be permitted to make trouble” for the Chosen People. “We hope in the future we’ll see more” Al-Jazeera’s and “more guerrilla warriors on the Web, in print and on the air” – and more guerrilla warriors on the ground where it counts. “Because of them—and not because of a government handout” or the “near-monopoly status” of “a few national newspapers, the television networks and the news magazines” — great reporting will survive, as it always has. And, more importantly,  great resistance movements!

Report this

By Anarcissie, November 6, 2009 at 4:08 pm #

ardee:
’...Once, as frank1569 intimates, the News adjunct was not perceived as a money earner but a necessary public service by the networks. Once the at changed all news became suspect, serving, not the public but the advertiser.

As we see our free press deteriorate into a propaganda tool, and the argument rages whether that tool serves left or right, we lose something very,very necessary to a democracy, access to fact. ...’

We can’t lose access to fact, at least not reliable access to fact, because we never had it.

Constructing some kind of reliable, verifiable sources of information is an interesting problem for the future, but expecting governments or large, profit-making corporations to have anything to do with this work is asking the wolf to take care of your chickens, as the lying of the present mass media and government unceasingly demonstrate.

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By DaveMacaray, November 6, 2009 at 3:32 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)

For those interested, Boyarsky’s book, “Big Daddy,” is a wonderfully informative and fascinating account of Jesse Unruh, California’s former larger-than-life State Assembly Speaker.  I’m half-finished with it and am loving it.

Report this

By NYCartist, November 6, 2009 at 1:44 pm #

Bob,
  I listen to BBC World news (can’t recall actual name) when it’s on NPR, which has now shrunk in NYC since WNYC (the local NPR station) took over WQXR (the NYTimes’ former music station with their news).
Now, the only place I can find BBC during the overnight (not at all day)on radio, is WNYE, the NYC education station on FM.  On weekends, it’s been on overnight for some hours.

  All of that to say that the BBC is not/has not been critical of their gov’t policy in re war on Iraq, Afghanistan nor of American policies in those places, nor Pakistan.  I listen to their economics shows when I waken during the night and they have recently had the most moderate to conservative guests from the US to talk about the economic crisis that’s all one-sided “pro-gov’t doing great” or critical from the right.  Never from the left.
  Same noncritical re the wars as recently as last weekend.

    I read the BBC homepage online sometimes and it’s not very critical of English or US gov’t policy.  Sometimes the Guardian is good http://www.guardian.co.uk and I read it daily online.

    Some people like the Asia Times online.

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By NYCartist, November 6, 2009 at 1:36 pm #

DaveZX3: PBS and NPR are now doing commercials.  There have been studies of bias at PBS by FAIR http://www.fair.org  I do not find any critical news of government policies on NPR, the radio side.  Sometimes I scream at the radio; usually I avoid listening.  “The News Hour” is played on NPR, so I’ve monitored it at times.

The closest thing to nonprofit,community listener sponsored radio is Pacifica Radio Network.  My station is WBAI.  There’s been a coup.  (The 2nd one)
See http://www.takebackwbai.org for how listener sponsored radio can get messed up.  I support the “undo the coup” movement.  “DemocracyNow” began at WBAI and is still carried by Pacifica and the 5 stations in the network, plus affiliates - and some of the stations carrying DemNow are NPR stations…

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By NYCartist, November 6, 2009 at 1:23 pm #

Not only do I dislike gov’t funding, I think I would never start a 501C (and haven’t)- you lose independence.  I was a subscriber to “IFStone’s Weekly” in the mid1960s when I lived in a very southern city (spouse doing community organizing and I got a volunteer pt time job with a civil rights law office while I began my art career). 

And to quote Mark Twain, “There’s freedom of the press for anyone who owns one.”.  I think it was Mark Twain.

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By DaveZx3, November 6, 2009 at 1:14 pm #

ardee, November 6 at 9:39 am #

“The news is all over the web, virtually free”. 

“Nope, sorry, innuendo, opinion and ideological based reporting is all over the web”.

Oh, sorry, ardee.  I been living in America for so long I thought that was the news.

Report this

By peterjkraus, November 6, 2009 at 10:48 am #

“Plus, non-profit news means commercial-free news. And, also plus - it works for The News Hour on PBS doesn’t it? Not perfectly, but still,”....

No, it does not work for PBS. Their reporting was more thorough, fairer, more balanced before W put his buddy Ken Tomlinson in charge of PBS, as chairman of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting —and Tomlinson immediately installed former Republican National Committee co-chairwoman and fellow neocon Patricia Harrison into the position of president and CEO of CPB. Together, they stacked the Corporation for Public Broadcasting with rightwingers like Mike Levy, Tim Isgitt, Cheryl Halpern and Gay Hart Gaines. Since the takeover, damaged a bit by the firing of Tomlinson for hiring outside consultants to monitor “liberal bias” in PBS programs, the News Hour has been noticeably careful to include sometimes ridiculous rightwing “experts” to present their points of view… and fairly often leaving off a representative of the contrary viewpoint.

It’s a shame, but government-sponsored public financing means government intrusion. Just like advertiser sponsorship means taking their corporate point of view into account while reporting on certain matters influencing the sponsors’ companies or industry. Don’t believe me? Watch PBS’ News Hour for a month and be honest ... it definitlely treads softly, it pussyfoots, it shows ever-so-sublte bias all too often.

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By KISS, November 6, 2009 at 9:49 am #

Bill Boyarski, you have done both Sammuel Clements and I.F. Stone proud, I’ll even throw in Gonzo Journalism Hunter Thompson.

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By ardee, November 6, 2009 at 9:39 am #

The news is all over the web, virtually free. 

Nope, sorry, innuendo, opinion and ideological based reporting is all over the web.

Report this

By DaveZx3, November 6, 2009 at 8:45 am #

PBS is non-profit news.  There is no law against non-profit news. 

News organizations can organize in many different ways, and the people of a republic are free to watch or listen to whatever they want. 

Communications has exploded to the point where every cellphone is a recorder of the news, and witnesses have the ability to blog their own news story.  You do not have to tune in or buy the paper of a corporate news organization anymore.  The news is all over the web, virtually free. 

In America, the outmoded, financially unsound institutiions are supposed to die off, and be replaced by more efficient, economical institituions.  Nobody has a right to their profit.  They have to earn it, and the public will be the final judge of what survives.

You could see the newspaper business dying decades ago.  The idea of printing the news on paper and transporting it to the consumer is about as antiquated and inefficient as a 78RPM record. 

You may really like your newspaper in the morning, and I am sure it will still be an option.  It will just end up costing as much as your breakfast.

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By ardee, November 6, 2009 at 8:30 am #

Once, as frank1569 intimates, the News adjunct was not perceived as a money earner but a necessary public service by the networks. Once the at changed all news became suspect, serving, not the public but the advertiser.

As we see our free press deteriorate into a propaganda tool, and the argument rages whether that tool serves left or right, we lose something very,very necessary to a democracy, access to fact.

While govt intervention in news is a dangerous concept, we should not ignore the capturing of much of our media by agendized or extreme political ideologues. Perhaps a Faiurness Doctrine might be enforced, one that assures that those who deceive must cease editorializing in its supposedly straight news reporting.

Report this

By PatrickHenry, November 6, 2009 at 8:22 am #

The government has been eyeballs deep in the news business since WWII. 

The big problem is the lack of independent news.  Fewer people control more of the papers, airwaves and radio than ever before and thereby control public perceptions toward reported events.

The internet is the last great frontier which with the advent of “blacklists” (as Truthdig panders to), are restricting access to differing points of view and information. 

Of course the government will shut it down at the source.

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By Bob, November 6, 2009 at 2:09 am #
(Unregistered commenter)

I don’t know. The BBC is a well respected news organization. Public Broadcasting, the British way. I listen to the NewsPod every day. Our NPR has been decimated; but, the potential is still there.

Report this

By frank1569, November 5, 2009 at 9:48 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)

There’s another way of looking at the situation.

Presently, the law requires that all ‘news corporations’ earn profits for shareholders above all other concerns. That’s the core problem, because most ‘real’ news is bad news and, hence, not a ratings (profit) generator.

This forces news corporations to learn their audience and deliver what will, in fact, generate profits, including lying, since news corporations face no consequences for their behavior.

Allowing news corporations to become non-profits is the only way to remove the profit incentive. It doesn’t mean ‘the fox is in the henhouse’ - it means we would have to tweak the non-profit rules, maybe create a separate category, but it doesn’t mean ‘the government’ is suddenly controlling the press.

Most new non-profit news orgs would be children of Big Media one way or the other, and the gov ain’t going after GE, Disney or FOX anytime soon. With the profit motive removed, Big Media news departments would be forced to compete for viewers based on the quality of the reporting, not the faux lunacy of Beck and his ilk.

Plus, non-profit news means commercial-free news. And, also plus - it works for The News Hour on PBS doesn’t it? Not perfectly, but still, a fine model/starting point for a new non-profit news system…

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