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Why We Fight the Tire War With China

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Posted on Sep 16, 2009

By Marie Cocco

It’s not the right time. But then, it never is.

It was never the right time for federal regulators to pry into Wall Street’s mysterious derivatives and other opaque markets—that is, until the whole gluttonous enterprise fell. There was never a proper moment to rein in the rapacious subprime mortgage industry before it was too late.

In recent political memory, there has never been a good time to raise the minimum wage, not even in the late 1990s—when the economy was a gusher of new jobs—or in 2007, when the inflation-adjusted purchasing power of the minimum wage had fallen to its lowest level since 1955. Though two increases were enacted amid contentious debate, the inflation-adjusted value of the current $7.25 minimum wage is below what it was in 1968.

It goes without saying that there is never a good time to raise taxes, for any purpose.

And now is a very appropriate time to recall these arguments, because we are told that this is definitely not the right time for President Barack Obama to enforce existing trade laws against China for the way it has engineered a surge of cheap tires into the U.S. market.

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We are warned this is dangerously protectionist, that it could ignite a global trade war. After all, the Chinese could stop buying our chicken parts. Worse, maybe they will stop buying our Treasury bonds.

Or perhaps it isn’t a good time for cash-strapped consumers to pay marginally more for tires due to higher tariffs on these imports. This last assertion is made without irony, ignoring that consumers are squeezed in part because their pay has stagnated or fallen under the ruthless pressure of the global labor market, with its endless supply of low-wage workers.

The castigation is aimed at Obama’s decision to impose higher tariffs on Chinese tires—he followed a recommendation made by the International Trade Commission, an independent body that advises the government on trade. The ITC found that China had violated the law, and it recommended even higher surcharges than those the president set later.

Under a rule China agreed to as part of the deal that allowed its entry into the World Trade Organization, the U.S. can act against Chinese imports if it is found that they cause or threaten “market disruption” for domestic producers.

Four times during the previous administration, the ITC found similar violations; four times President George W. Bush refused to take action.

This is how it has gone for American industries and the workers who depend on them. No trade practices are ever too egregious for those who insist that even limited sanctions are detrimental to the global economy.

In the case of China and tires, the record is clear: The Chinese tire industry is directed to devote most, if not all, of its production to exports. The result is a flood of cheap tires into the U.S., with the Chinese capturing about 17 percent of the market, up from less than 5 percent in 2004. The United Steelworkers, which represents some tire industry workers and brought the complaint that led to the tariffs, says upward of 5,000 domestic jobs have been lost as a result of the Chinese marketing.

The union’s involvement leads to the predictable, and undeniable, claim that Obama acted to please a key constituency. So what? The alternative would be for the president to allow unlawful trading practices to continue just to prove he’s not out to please organized labor.

But the president’s obligation—to the country, not to the unions—is to enforce the rules. To do otherwise is to invite more of the disregard for fair trade that has characterized our approach for years, and bled some American industries almost to death.

It is unlikely that any of the tire industry jobs lost to the Chinese onslaught will return. The hope is that at least the unrelenting trend of job losses will slow.

But even this misses the larger point. For too long, the disciples of unfettered free trade—like those who hector against regulation or anything else that might slow the decline of the American middle class—have had it wrong. Three decades of fundamentalist faith that markets work best when undisturbed by common-sense rules have culminated in the current Great Recession, in worsening inequality and diminished prospects for American workers.

There comes a time for everything. And the right time to stand against unfair trade is now.

Marie Cocco’s e-mail address is mariecocco(at)washpost.com.

© 2009, Washington Post Writers Group


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By Folktruther, September 24, 2009 at 9:08 pm Link to this comment

The British conservativemagize the ECONOMIST panned Obama’s Chinese tariff and they seemed to have a good point.  The US will simply import them from the Indians or Brazilians while irritating the Chinese and threatening a trade war.

I wonder if Obama knows what he is doing, or is capable of doing it.  Eveery since Rumsfield fired General Shimsinki for stating that 4 hundred thousand troops would be necessary to occupy Iraq, and he sent Jerry Bremer there to fire the Iraq army (he also wnted to fire the police)  I have the distinct feeling that we are being ruled by political dingdongs.  Maybe it is the obsolete political system itself that is to blame.

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By Folktruther, September 19, 2009 at 4:05 pm Link to this comment

Inherit- a competent impartial economist?  that’s what I like about you, Imherit, a million laughs. That and you’re such a good speler.

On the other hand using taxes and tax incentives to keep industry in the US sounds like a great idea.  I don’t know much about economics but this seems like it should be a major part of a progressive program.

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By bogi666, September 18, 2009 at 12:05 pm Link to this comment

Bushfatigue, since 1978 the unofficial policy of the Repubican Party for their United States uses Indonesia as their model, including a military dictator. It is the unofficial policies which are important, official policies are for PR, window dressing. With this as their goal, it necessitates elimination of the middle class which they are doing as you so well noted.

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By Bushfatigue, September 18, 2009 at 9:06 am Link to this comment

China is also dumping solar panels on the US, in an effort to corner a major emerging market, and destroy our domestic production.  http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/25/business/energy-environment/25solar.html?_r=1&scp=2&sq=solar panel&st=cse.  And I expect the usual free market fundamentalists will resist any reaction, as we stupidly sit by, and watch another promising source of US jobs disappear.
The Right would rather destroy labor as a political force, and drive us towards an ever more dangerous distortion of income distribution in this country, than enforce fair trade laws, and save jobs.

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By UKHumanist, September 18, 2009 at 5:53 am Link to this comment

Inherit The Wind, September 18 at 7:04 am said:

“OTOH, we have to put tremendous tax burdens on companies who export their manufacturing base, and give tax INCENTIVES to companies who keep or start manufacturing here.  USE THOSE KEYNESIAN TOOLS!  You know, the ones the Rethuglicans and “fresh-water economists” insist don’t work! “

I don’ think you are advocating Keynesian Economics - “Keynesian economics advocates a mixed economy—predominantly private sector, but with a large role of government and public sector—and served as the economic model during the latter part of the Great Depression, World War II, and the post-war Golden Age of Capitalism, 1945–1970, though it lost some influence following the stagflation of the 1970s. As a middle way between laissez-faire capitalism and socialism, it has been and continues to be attacked from both the right and the left.” See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian_economics .

I think you are actually advocating Mercanitlism see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercantilism .

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By Inherit The Wind, September 18, 2009 at 4:04 am Link to this comment

FT:

You don’t need a radical “economist” (translation: dogmatic ideologue with whom the rationally-challenged FT agrees).  You need a competent impartial economist.

There is no painless way to extract ourselves from this.  Reagan, Bush, Clinton and Bush all put the Chinese sword at our throats, and anything we do, or don’t do, will be economically bloody.

But we have to start by banning any Chinese made goods shown to be deliberately tampered with: Toothpaste, Thomas the Tank Engine Toys, now a certain brand of tires. The Chinese have shown they are singularly unwilling to a) accept blame for such tampered products b) recall them, c) put in place tools to prevent a recurrence.

But they our markets just as much as we need them.

OTOH, we have to put tremendous tax burdens on companies who export their manufacturing base, and give tax INCENTIVES to companies who keep or start manufacturing here.  USE THOSE KEYNESIAN TOOLS!  You know, the ones the Rethuglicans and “fresh-water economists” insist don’t work!

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By UKHumanist, September 18, 2009 at 2:36 am Link to this comment

NABNYC, September 17 at 7:18 pm said

“We should rescind all trade agreements and start over.  All decisions should be based solely on the question of what is in the best interests of the American working people.  Most of the trade agreements have been dictated by, and are for the benefit of, corporations.  And harm working people.  So let’s start over.

We’ll start with this:  all clothing will be made inside the U.S.  One T-Shirt may cost $30, so people will lose the ability to buy five T-shirts from China.  But the benefit to our country will be that people can be employed making clothes and earn a decent living.  The same is true for all other products.

As long as third world countries have such cheap wages, it is not possible for U.S. businesses to “compete” in terms of product price for sales inside the U.S.  And therefore, imports should be banned.”

Could I suggest that your read a basic economics text book before advocating such policies. I’d suggest the original
“An Inquiry into the nature and causes of the Wealth of Nations” by Adam Smith that you can find for free at http://www.adamsmith.org/smith/won-intro.htm .

Just by way of simple illustration, the USA imports 60% of its oil. If you were to ban imports, as you suggest, and rely on your domestic production the oil price would be very much higher for you - probably c.$300. What would that do to a country that is so reliant on the car?

Like it or not we are all interdependent in this world. You may no longer export tyres, but you do export Microsoft Windows, Apple Ipods, Hollywood films and make a lot of money from financing the world economy through your banks (even allowing for recent hiccups) plus dominating many other areas of the world economy such as Coca Cola grin and marketing.

Trade is not a zero sum game. Restricting it just makes everyone poorer including both Americans and Chinese. Just investigate the disasterous effects of protectionism during the Great Depression.

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By race_to_the_bottom, September 17, 2009 at 9:33 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Amen NABNYC!

There is really nothing more to add to your post except to repeat what others have said as well: Our country has been sold down the river by a gang of corporate criminals and the class which owns them and the corrupt politicians which do their dirty work. If those Tea Party types could be made to understand this instead of pissing and moaning about “socialism” they would be a formidable force,  since most of them are probably low paid workers who have been screwed really bad and now have their heads all screwed on backwards by Glen Beck et. al.

Yeah, we need to scrap all the so-called free trade rules and tax the shit out of the oligarchy and use the proceeds to rebuild our industrial sector and start making stuff again and get back our decent wages,  pensions, and medical care and cheap college for the kids like we had in the 60’s.

I usually don’t rant on like this, but this shit really gets me going. I’m not called race_to_the_bottom for nothing.

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By NABNYC, September 17, 2009 at 4:18 pm Link to this comment

We should rescind all trade agreements and start over.  All decisions should be based solely on the question of what is in the best interests of the American working people.  Most of the trade agreements have been dictated by, and are for the benefit of, corporations.  And harm working people.  So let’s start over.

We’ll start with this:  all clothing will be made inside the U.S.  One T-Shirt may cost $30, so people will lose the ability to buy five T-shirts from China.  But the benefit to our country will be that people can be employed making clothes and earn a decent living.  The same is true for all other products.

As long as third world countries have such cheap wages, it is not possible for U.S. businesses to “compete” in terms of product price for sales inside the U.S.  And therefore, imports should be banned.

We are told that trade agreement “help” “our” corporations get access to Chinese markets.  But it doesn’t help me—it only helps the shareholders and CEOs.  If any business wants to compete in China, they should move there and set up a business there, live according to Chinese laws.  But American businesses should make products for sale inside the U.S.  Only. 

“Our” corporations wouldn’t be as rich?  Good.  Look what their wealth has done.  They’ve corrupted our government, bought every politician, controlled the country, and directed us into war after war in their quest for cheap resources and captive markets.

All food production should be local too.  Let Chile and Mexico grow food for their own people, not for cheap export to the U.S.  This will create more farm jobs inside the U.S. and allow us to control the sanitation, prohibit pesticides, protect our own consumers.  It also would be better for the world to grow and eat locally. 

As far as what China may do, or how they can employ their own people:  they can do the same.  Make their own shoes, make their own cars, make tires for domestic sales, but stay out of my country.  Not because I don’t like the Chinese, but because their country is being used as slave labor to further enrich the few, their environment is being devastated, and there is no benefit in continuing this “free trade” system.  It’s a disaster.

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By heavyrunner, September 17, 2009 at 3:04 pm Link to this comment

I just finished rereading “Travels with Charlie,” by John Steinbeck.  When he drives through Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and Illinois he comments repeatedly on the congestion and activity around the industrial heartland of America.

Who would have dreamed that we would, 50 years later, know that part of the country as the “Rust Belt” and that all our manufacturing base would be gone?  It happened because we had a string of traitorous leaders, beginning with Ronald Reagan, to whom it meant more to break unions than it did to keep our country strong.  Leaders who would rather see our products manufactured using slave labor in a communist country just so they could break unions and avoid raising wages, paying for health care, and providing pensions.

I say more power to Obama and that we should defy the WTO and look out for the United States instead of Wall Street for a change.

I say this owning two cars which have cheap Chinese tires on them, and yes, I did save $100 or so on each one of those cars’ tires.  I would gladly pay a bit more if it means our country’s workers are a little better off.

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By charlie kasnick, September 17, 2009 at 1:01 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

China was found guilty several years ago with shipping unsafe untested tires to USA.They have a habit of sending a batch of tires for DOT testing and actually selling a unsafe different tire under tha same name and type designation.This is fraud.Good old “W” gave them a slap on the wrist.
They are currently shipping millions of unsafe automotive safety indicators into this country,but nobody cares,unless your loved one is involved.

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By Folktruther, September 17, 2009 at 12:00 pm Link to this comment

It’s a very complicated problem that has to be clarified by radical economists before all the pros and cons are understood.  In general, the plutocracy, under both the Dems and Gops, have stripped tariffs to destroy US unions and decrease the wages of industrial labor.

but how this is to be corrected is not yet worked out.  If, for example, Chinese tires are replaced and produced by other foreign producers, nothing is gained, and at the price of irritating the Chinese.  Or this could be a bargaining chip.  Or it could be perfectly justified or justified on balance.  Or it could be a terrible idea.  I don’t know.  radical economists who do should say.  Orthidox econimists should be ignored.

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By Oslointhesummertime, September 17, 2009 at 11:45 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Your argument, Jim, was strong until you asserted that shifting wage-labor overseas to 3rd world countries (which undoubtedly lack or actively prevent fair wages/working condition…google “export zone”) is good for the 3rd world.

Conversely, corporations strive WORLDWIDE to quash human rights whenever it may have the slightest impact on their profits. Lucky for us, we have a glint of oversight and the remnants of post-depression labor, as well as a semi-educated populus, to keep our wages above $2/hour.

Did you know that the NEW minimum wage, when adjusted for inflation, has the same purchasing power as it did back in the 1960’s?

Where has all of the money (see: efficiency) from our technological innovations gone? Haven’t computers made life easier and cheaper?

The answer is yes, but the new-found efficiency and the resulting profits have been siphoned into swiss bank accounts or spent on things which have NO REAL UTILITY.

e.g. A pickup truck has enormous utility to a farmer. The labor gone into producing the truck (including the labor/capital to extract the iron ore, to ship the ore, to pay the workers, the oil/energy to move the ore and refine it, to run the factory, to ship the parts, to assemble it and for the research required to develop it in the first place) is worth the utility of the truck itself.

However, when a billionaire buys his third Porche, the utility of all three is equal to that of one average well-built sedan. The capital/labor in this case has greatly exceeded the utility of the product.

The same goes for military weapons which have zero utility except against invasion, which ideally should not be an issue. Alas, this world is far from perfect. This is why our nuclear arsenal still stands at 10,000 nuclear bombs.

Our trade deficit is another huge issue but it is self explanatory. Countries which produce real wealth (items with utility) will gain capital while counties which don’t produce (but still need items with utility) will lose capital. The only way a country can maintain a trade deficit while continually increasing it’s debt is by fooling the lender (rare but it happens) or by military force.

You might wonder, can China really collect on our debts to them if we spend 4x as much on our National Defense YEARLY?

The answer again is an emphatic YES. We are spending ourselves into a grave. The little money we get by selling arms (this we are good at) we use to make more arms. Sooner or later, China’s military will catch up to ours, once their domestic consumption displaces ours, they will no longer NEED us and will strike back at us to collect their debt (which we could not pay of, even if our entire GDP were devoted to debt-servicing).

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By Jim Yell, September 17, 2009 at 7:45 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

At a time when for decades now the wages of the executive class has climbed ever higher and the wages of the lower class have dropped like a stone, it is fair to ask why this was allowed to happen?

The money for these outrageous compensation packages were fed by the loss of wages to labor. I have the funny idea that the trash man actually does more for society in general than a skyscrapper full of these horrid men in suites, and women. I have no trouble with their getting good salary and benifits, but only after they have paid decent wages and protected the interests of the country as a whole. Even at that it is hard to believe that anyone is worth more than a million dollars even in this age.

If the regulations of trade were followed as written there would still be some jobs paying good wages left. The reason they aren’t enforced is because these executives make huge incomes whether the product is made in this country or the 3rd world. Good for the 3rd world but not for labor in this country. Tax the tires and much else that could be made here.

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By thebeerdoctor, September 17, 2009 at 2:42 am Link to this comment

I notice in this Union versus China narrative, Walmart is not even mentioned.

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