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Mom’s Dreary Retirement ProspectsPosted on May 8, 2009By Marie Cocco Not to ruin brunch, but Mom’s probably not doing very well. Not if she’s already retired, not if she’s a baby boomer approaching retirement, not if she’s a younger woman who hasn’t yet given retirement a thought. This Mother’s Day could stand fewer sweet greeting cards and more frank conversations about how mothers—and all American women—are going to be supported in old age. They used to depend on traditional pensions that under the law protected surviving spouses, usually a widow, with lifetime monthly benefits. These pensions are becoming extinct. Then they were expected, like most American workers, to self-finance their retirement through 401(k) savings plans. But women live longer and earn less than men. Their lower pay means they can’t save as much, yet they need more savings in old age. The double bind leaves them much more likely to run out of savings before they die. And that’s before the escalating costs of health care are figured in. Despite all the educational and employment gains women have made over the last three decades, “there’s still a tremendous gender gap” in retirement prospects, says Beth Almeida, executive director of the National Institute on Retirement Security. The institute has just released an unsettling account of the many ways in which women are financially disadvantaged in our current retirement system—a system that is crumbling for everyone, but with the fallout hitting women hardest. “The retirement glass ceiling,” as the group calls it, was firmly in place before the financial crisis hit. Now it is hardening.Women are only about half as likely as men to have a traditional defined-benefit pension plan, the type that guarantees monthly payments for life. Even when they do enjoy this type of coverage from their own jobs, their average benefits are lower—by about $5,000 annually. For a woman whose husband is covered by this type of pension, benefits after his death are guaranteed, unless she at some point consented to forgo them. With 401(k) accounts, women are at triple risk due to their lower earnings, their need for more savings—and their own investing styles, in which they choose conservative investments far more than men do, reducing the income the accounts accrue. The pay-to-pension gap is particularly striking. A woman who earns $50,000 a year would have to put away $1,000 more annually than a man with the same salary, just to stay even with him in retirement, the institute says. If she then invests that savings balance conservatively, avoiding the risk—and the greater returns—of stocks, for example, she diminishes her retirement income again. Despite the educational attainment and workplace experience that younger women have achieved, it hasn’t made them much more financially astute than their mothers. In fact, even women under 30 are less financially literate than men in their age group, the report says. “It’s consistent among all age groups, and you see it when you look internationally,” Almeida says. What’s more, women who leave a job and are eligible to take their retirement savings with them are more likely than men to take a lump sum distribution—and use it to pay family expenses such as those for a child’s education, medical and dental costs, and other bills. But this early virtue (or necessity) only disadvantages women again later. An individual who withdraws just $5,000 from a retirement account at age 35 will have lost out on more than $38,000 in retirement savings by age 65, the research shows. The do-it-yourself retirement system that politicians—and the mutual fund industry—pushed only a few years ago as a chance for middle-income workers to gain financial independence in old age has never been much of a boon. That was true before the financial crisis. Now it’s a bust. “At the end of the day, even the person who did everything right really got whacked,” Almeida says. For most American women, the outlook is for an old age in which they are financially strained and yet must cope with escalating and unpredictable health care costs. In 2007, twice as many elderly women than men were poor, and women are more likely to fall into poverty as they grow older. This sure isn’t happy talk for Mother’s Day weekend. But it’s a talk families must have after the celebrations end. Marie Cocco’s e-mail address is mariecocco(at)washpost.com. Elsewhere: . CommentsAre you a Truthdig member yet? Login now, or register with Truthdig. Add Your Comment
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By garth, May 13 at 9:43 am #
David Cay Johnston spelled it out yesterday on a Thom Hartmann’s radio show. The managers of 401ks got 11% from fees while 401k owner got 4% from investments.
Report thisGeithner said yesterday during his presentation on the state of Medicare and Social Security that Obama is open to negotiations on Social Security, in other word, privatization.
If the resulting change is anything like the one Bush had in mind, this will be another winfall for Wall Street, and some workers might wind up owing money to Wall Street in retirement.
By Hulk2008, May 13 at 9:41 am #
News from 20 minutes ago: “Imported petroleum prices were up 15.4 percent in April - the largest monthly rise since a 17 percent increase in March 2002 - following revised rises of 7.9 percent in March and 5.3 percent in February.”
The oil barons are at our door again - not only will Mom be unable to pay for her cat-food dinner, she will not be able to afford transportation to where they sell her Fancy Feast. I guess all us old-timers will have to step down a peg and eat that pet food that only comes in white bags and has spanish written all over them - I wonder what “alimentos” means.
As for the folks that want us Baby Boomers to re-train and restart our careers, I am completely available for a CEO slot or hedge fund manager position - I believe I could NOT do worse for the economy than those that have brought down the house. Does my Evelyn Wood Speed Reading Course count?
Report thisWill some corporation PLEASE hire me as CEO and then fire me with a $20Mg termination package ? (Secretly, I’d gladly settle for $1 Mg.)
By progwoman, May 13 at 6:44 am #
I live in a neighborhood where many people either teach at or work for an Ivy League University. During the bubble many of them enjoyed high returns on their retirement benefits through TIAA CREF, but it, too, was hit in the recent crisis.
One professor in her seventies told me she can’t quit teaching, as she’d like to, because she supports her own mother. Another woman, a retiree, told me almost crying in the street that when she finally had the nerve to look at her statements, 40 percent of what she had was gone. She has never married and has only one surviving relative, another aging woman with children.
These are women who, along with their families, invested heavily in higher education. That was supposed to lift them above the lot of the previous generation, but it didn’t factor in the lemmings who would offer great profits on their retirement funds only to let them down when they need it most. I wish they were exceptional, but I suspect they aren’t.
Report thisBy Catherine, May 12 at 3:01 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I have a story about my own mother, age 87, that has nothing to do with investing or saving. She has been divorced for more than 30 years. She purchased a small insurance policy in 1983, and a second, smaller one, in 2000. She has no pension, only $473.00 a month in social security. She now has been diagnosed with “moderate dementia.” She received notice in January that her Medicaid was terminated because she had just over $2,000 in her checking account. That is because she doesn’t SPEND money on anything other than rent, utilities and food. She has never driven so has no car. Now it has become imperative that she move to an assisted living center. When I started the process of reapplying for Medicaid so it would pay for the assisted living center I was told that she had to cancel and cash out those two policies and “put them in a place where they could not be touched.” I was forced to cash them out for a total of $4,300 and put the money in a funeral trust with the local mortuary before she could have her Medicaid reinstated. What is wrong with a country where an 87 year old lady with no home of her own (she hasn’t owned a house since the 50’s) no savings, no assets whatsoever but for the small insurance policies and “Heaven Forbid” just under $2,000 in her checking account, cannot have some money put aside to pay for her final expenses, her funeral? It was not good enough to “gift” the money to her grandchildren. This story is so ridiculous it’s almost funny. What about all those crooks that have robbed us? Where do they hide their money and what will happen to them when they’re old?
Report thisBy "G"utless "W"itless Hitler, May 12 at 2:55 pm #
Quite right, ocjim. And yet there are still plenty of suckers (read: working and middle class conservatives) in this country who are willing to vote against their own best interests in order to preserve a future where they won’t be heavily taxed once they finally become billionaires. Too many Americans still suffer from this kind of pestilential idiocy (read: American Dream delusion).
Report thisBy "G"utless "W"itless Hitler, May 12 at 2:40 pm #
What reason have thou for discontent? Are not pet foods varied and plentiful? Are they not spreadable AND affordable?
Now, set aside the lamentations, Cocco! Set aside the wringing of hands! For none shall want in the New Utopia.
Report thisBy ocjim, May 12 at 2:39 pm #
Comfort at any age is going to be a thing of the past for any average American. In modern times since Reagan, each time the Republicans take office and establish their anti-people agenda, it becomes harder and harder for succeeding Democrats to break the Faustian agreement between business and government that favors business interests over that of the people.
In fact, the structure of our economy and the tax system have changed so much because of neocon influence and the Democrats have been progressively neutered by the plutocracy to such an extent that the hopes of the people for a share of economic benefits are dwindling.
Our economic base, the hope for good jobs, and the influence of the rich over taxes all combine to make any affluence for the future only a hope for the currently rich.
Report thisBy Inherit The Wind, May 12 at 2:17 pm #
cyrena
Here we are SO simpatico! I think we are both facing the challenge of an elderly mother, with some dementia, plus you have the addition of an idiot system that initially looks askance because of higher melanin levels in the patient.
Mom, who is still mostly lucid, finally got rid of the doctor who never took anything she said seriously, and NEVER had a sense of urgency. With Alzheimers, the earlier the intervention the better, especially if the patient is a good candidate for Aricept.
THE major problem for all seniors is health care, and Botch&Co; made it all worse to protect the big Pharmas (and most of them aren’t even US companies—Beyer, Novartis, GSK, Hoffman LaRoche, Schering).
Then there’s housing—senior housing is INCREDIBLY expensive for condos—3/4 of a million $ for an apartment in NJ is common—and we’re not talking Englewood Cliffs, Short Hills or Summit, either!
It just stinks.
Report thisBy cyrena, May 12 at 4:34 am #
• “The institute has just released an unsettling account of the many ways in which women are financially disadvantaged in our current retirement system—a system that is crumbling for everyone, but with the fallout hitting women hardest. “The retirement glass ceiling,” as the group calls it, was firmly in place before the financial crisis hit. Now it is hardening.”
This is actually not a ‘new’ discovery. Women have been HISTORICALLY financially disadvantaged in the retirement system. Nope. Not news.
So, that much is true. The retirement glass ceiling has been in place since the beginning. It’s been in place since the LAST GREAT DEPRESSION! They call it a ‘financial crisis’, but that somehow sounds too canned and/or trite. Like the way a once-in-a-century natural (as in Mother Nature) disaster occurs, like Hurricane Katrina HIT and wiped out a large portion of OUR Gulf Coast, and destroyed multiple lives in the process, with continuing after-effects that continue to destroy lives.
Still, part of that was at least a naturally occurring event. All the death and destruction didn’t have to happen though. It was clearly allowed and encouraged. “Let Nature Take It’s Course” in the case of New Orleans and nearby environs. An “Executive (Political) Decision”. Haven’t they all been?
And, it’s the same thing with the ‘financial crisis’. This worst ever and now global DEPRESSION didn’t just pop up out of nowhere. It’s been largely artificially created/crafted/manipulated and qualifies as Grand Theft Larceny in just about anybody’s book.
So, while the system has always been disadvantageous for women, (even worse if one is a woman of color in the workplace of the past say 6 or so decades at least?) the so-called ‘financial crisis’ is far, far, worse than the term implies in such ‘before and after’ terms.
We are talking DEPRESSION on a level the US has never seen, because this is actually a far greater DISASTER than the Great Depression, at least in my own fairly well informed opinion, because there are too many factors that make THIS disaster one that was intentionally manipulated, and not overnight. The socio-political mindset that has prevailed for the better part of the past four decades brought us to this point, without anybody paying much attention.
But then, that became painfully obvious when a substantial portion of the American populace allowed our Country to be highjacked by a thug regime via a Judicial Coup back in 2000. NOW you’re paying attention? (some of these comments make me think some of you folks might be a tad bit naive, or just a few bricks short of a full load.)
Meantime, like I said…nothing new here. We’ve been aware and have addressed it with the passage of the Lilly Ledbetter Act, so Miss Marie, you should keep up with this stuff.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h111-11
(at least if you’re gonna write about what USED to be, to what it has become…gotta keep up with the pace now…things are hoppin’)
Report thisBy NYCartist, May 11 at 10:32 am #
And not if mom is disabled. RE caia: some jobs that women traditionally hold/have held are not even covered by social security. When I started teaching, over four decades ago (very young), teachers in NYC were not covered. I left for art career, working jobs to pay for art career, but by accident, learned that self-employed people can/should pay their own Social Security coverage, so if need it, will be covered under Social Security Disability Insurance. Women usually have earned less and collect less, if they collect Social Security at all. Taking care of child/children should count as work for Social Security benefits.
Report thisBy herewegoagain, May 11 at 10:16 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
I’ve heard that the stock market has actually only averaged a little over 5% in growth between the turn of last century and the year 2000. Not sure if the last eight years significantly change that number, but given all the dips and peaks, I doubt it.
So, yeah, we would be better off putting our money in more conservative investment vehicles instead of the dicey Wall Street casino. We sure were sold a bill of goods. And to think we’re bailing out our own swindlers so they can retire with golden eggs while many of us will be working right up until we drop dead.
Report thisBy rollzone, May 11 at 12:51 am #
hello. pity the poor moms, that are alone, that were earning $50k annually, and got swindled: instead of divorced; or lived out their golden years with their “husband”, until they stopped caring for him, and he died without enough life insurance; after gambling away the nest egg. there are no assets; and social security just isn’t enough. pity this microcosm of whomever this article addresses, because they do not deserve a handout- they need a hand up. retrain and get better productivity out of them. talk to your mom about multitasking in retirement and how it’s never too late to start over.
Report thisBy Nola, May 10 at 9:02 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Well Skulz I know you’re kidding but…..........nope…........isn’t going to happen with Obama ..he’s using money that doesn’t exist. That’s called a Monopoly Game that will end soon enough. I’m a 52 year old mom that now realizes what my father, who lived through the depression, taught me was true. Save your money conservatively. Wall Street sucks and is nothing more than the lottery. I was smart enough to move a large some of my investments when I saw this coming in January 2008 and protected it from severe loss! Praise God for wise old men! It is better to save slowly and surely than to take risks you will regret. As for the mom’s out there now…....we need to care for our parents and honor them through whatever they go through. Just knowing your kids are there for you makes the money problem less of an issue and or focus.
Report thisBy skulz fontaine, May 10 at 11:46 am #
So the adage holds true, ‘a woman’s work is never done’. Maybe when Obama gets finished bailing out Wall Street and the swine bankers, he’ll save moms everywhere. Right.
Report thisBy everynobody, May 9 at 10:56 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Well Marie, it ain’t just your mother and yes I realize women have it harder than men. BUT, I worked hard all of my life and now look forward to $1,000/mo for my retirement. You’ll find me at Burger King/MacDonalds/KFC killing myself during my “golden years”. Us Americans have got to be the stupidest humans on the friggen planet! Man did we get sold a load of absolute shit! Yeah, including me; I’m a friggen moron and will never believe another politician as long as I live and by god damn I’m going to live long enough to suck every dollar I can out of those corrupt mofo’s. The only thing I’m good for is health, so I should get more than they figure. Screw em all, every god damn one of them! Ya’ll should wake up and smell your life going down the toilet. Thanks for the article.
Report thisBy caia, May 9 at 3:53 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
IIRC, Social Security also pays less if you’ve had gaps in your work history. Since women are more likely to be stay-at-home parents, or caregivers generally, this affects them disproportionately as well.
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