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Our Cuba Policy: A Failure at 50Posted on Jan 1, 2009It was around 3 a.m. on Jan. 1, 1959, when Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista slipped away to the airport and fled his island nation, hauling as much loot as his aircraft could carry. Hours later, the audacious young man whose badly outnumbered guerrilla forces had defeated Batista’s army stepped onto a balcony overlooking Cespedes Park in the eastern city of Santiago. It was the first time that Fidel Castro had faced a cheering crowd as Cuba’s unquestioned leader. It would hardly be the last. The turning of the year marks the 50th anniversary of the Cuban revolution—yet another reminder of wrongheaded U.S. policies that have unwittingly helped shield Castro’s revolution from historical trends that long ago should have forced the regime to give way, or at least compelled it to evolve. President-elect Barack Obama will have more urgent matters to deal with after he takes the oath of office. But somewhere on his long to-do list, he should make a note to finally bring five decades of counterproductive American policy toward Cuba to a definitive end. Dwight Eisenhower was president when Castro assured Cubans in Cespedes Park that he and his fellow revolutionaries were “immune to ambition and vanity.” U.S. officials were wary from the start. There had been a time when Batista was our man in Havana, although American policymakers had become disillusioned with him. No tears would have been shed in Washington if a more effective—and compliant—strongman had emerged, perhaps from the military, to take his place. But Castro was too much of a leftie, probably even a commie, and hardly seemed to be someone who could be counted on to play ball with the White House. The first years of the relationship were the most eventful. Castro grew closer to the Soviets, the White House authorized the Bay of Pigs landing, the invasion failed, Cuba became a full-fledged Soviet client, the Cuban missile crisis took the world to the brink of Armageddon, and an uneasy standoff was established. Incomprehensibly, it persists to this day. The laws and regulations that prohibit U.S. companies from trading with Cuba and forbid U.S. citizens to travel there made little sense during the Cold War. It was ironic that when Ronald Reagan went to Berlin and implored Mikhail Gorbachev to “tear down this wall,” our government was maintaining an analogous wall—one made of rules, not of concrete—between the United States and Cuba.U.S. policy for dealing with the rest of the communist world was always to push for more contact and exchange, on the theory that exposure to Western ideas, freedoms and prosperity would hasten communism’s demise. It worked. I’m convinced it would have worked in Cuba, too. At the very least, if the U.S. government had treated Cuba the way it treated other communist nations, the onus would have been on Castro. If he wanted to keep Cuban society from being infected by democracy, consumerism and other yanqui diseases, he would have had to justify measures to keep Americans and American products out. Instead, he has been able to portray his revolution as a noble David, menaced by a hulking, aggressive Goliath to the north. Over the years, I’ve made 10 reporting trips to Cuba. I’ve been struck by the fact that even Cubans who are harshly critical of the Castro regime—privately, of course, since public criticism is not allowed—are equally scornful of the U.S. trade embargo and travel ban, which they believe have hurt the Cuban people while bolstering hard-liners in the leadership. Now that the dashing, iconic Fidel has been succeeded as president by his brother, Raul, the United States is presented with the latest in a series of opportunities to finally get Cuba policy right. Raul Castro has given every indication that he is more pragmatic than his ailing older brother—and also that he is aware of how far behind the rest of the world Cuba has fallen. Many observers believe he wants to move toward the Chinese model of free-market economics and continued one-party rule. Any fundamental reforms are unlikely, however, as long as Fidel still draws breath. But Fidel is 82 and in very poor health; he has outlasted 10 U.S. presidents, but isn’t likely to survive his 11th. Obama should prepare for the inevitable by recognizing the obvious: If a set of policies haven’t produced results for 50 years, it really is time to try something else. Eugene Robinson’s e-mail address is eugenerobinson(at)washpost.com. © 2009, Washington Post Writers Group Elsewhere: . CommentsAre you a Truthdig member yet? Login now, or register with Truthdig. Add Your Comment
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By Drew, January 28 at 11:35 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Well, Eugene, and fellow members….I can give you the reason our former President Bush and presidents before him have had such a bad policy against Cuba…
It all started with the Platt Amendment back during the early 1900’s with Congress who wanted to catch this “ripe fruit” poised for the taking!...(Cuba) After the American Army got rid of the Spanish there with the help of Teddy Roosevelt and his “Rough Riders”...The new amendment had the clause that america would have the right to intervene in the economic and political nature of the “new Government” that would be put in place. a Cuban Dictator/puppets of the U.S. just like Batista.
This was an open door for all the greedy coporations of america…for profits for our military industrial complex, our agricultural combines, and mining companies to mine all the nickel out of Cuba, etc.
In they came and took over Cuba from the early 1900’s…Special roads were built by the corporate companies for the CEO’s to their opulent mansions…
The american electric companies owned the local electric suppliers and charged outragous prices for their electricity impoverishing the local people.
The food prices were too high and manipulation from the U.S. food companies especially sugar, and rice were ruined in the market. people went hungry, and became angry with their U.S. backed Government.
And when they rebelled, their “Government” pulled out the tanks and guns and killed the people stopping the riots.
the common people had intestinal worms coming out their butts…and had lousy medical facilities to help….illiteracy and the electricity prices were the highest in the world a few years before Castro.
Hospitals and schools were not built for the people , and the Fat and Rich CEO’s of america of these Corporations had every comfort they could have built for themselves while the poeple had to travel on mud roads.
the people got tired of it while the U.S. Corporations raped Cuba of it’s wealth, and Bastista got rich for being a “Yes man”....Sounds a little like Panama doesn’t it?
and You’ll never hear anything out of General Noriega either!....Isn’t strange that the media is sooooo quiet about that one?..We haven’t heard a peep out of him in that Maximum prison there in Florida in a long time eh?...I guess a snake bit him…
Finally Castro and Che Cuavera showed up for a take over, but was captured and spent some time in prison…later they came back with full approval of the people to get rid of corrupt Batista!
But before then the mafia had it’s way with Bastista and garnished more money from the turists there and paid off Bastista and his cronies from the Casinos and prostitution rackets.
the only ones profiting from “Commerce” was the Mafia and Bastita, oh yeah and the U.S. corporations….and let us not forget the most important part of the Cuba puzzle…the New York Big Banks….
Castro was cool the the U.S. president and everybody else until he decided to nationalize all the companies of Cuba in an offensive against the greedy Banks and Corporations of the U.S.
then suddenly he was a nasty “comie” and a “Red”... but up to that time when Castro accumulated the assets of Cuba…and in negotiation with New York Banks… He hadn’t even made any consessions with the Soviets as of yet!
What the New York Banks declared to Castro…was that he was going to have to come up with the money Immediately for all those assets…Well guess what? when Bastista left with the help of our Government..he decided to take the Government’s treasury’s money with him!
It bankrupted the nation and Castro was left helpless to pay anything to the Bankers in the U.S.
Castro said tough knuckles to the Bankers in New York .....and the Bankers never forgave him for that one~!
Sinerely, Allende
Report thisBy Verne Arnold, January 6 at 11:13 am #
@ TAO Walker, January 2 at 12:35 am;
Give the Agonist a gander. You might find it interesting; or not.
Report thisBy Spinoza750, January 5 at 3:31 am #
Down with capitalism
Down with Liberals
Report thisBy KDelphi, January 5 at 3:28 am #
Xntrk—Exactly!
If something (like health care) doesnt cost more than the Wall St bailout, nor the “war in Iraq”—dont tell me that we “cant afford it”! If you dont want to do it—just say so. And, then, YOU decide who goes without health care…look into the camera and say it, Dems, You took too much money from insurance lobbyists to do it, and you know it.
michael roloff is correct—Castro came to NY first, he was turned away (well, more than “turned away”!)
Excellent remarks here!
Report thisBy dihey, January 4 at 7:01 pm #
Folktruther:
As far as I remember what happened recently it was the American voter who “sent Obama to the White House”.
My piece was in part a “tongue in cheek” attempt to argue that the “Cuba-Problem” is peanuts compared to “Iraq, Iran, etc.”
“Cuba” is a textbook example of the advantage of having an absolute King as our ruler. Louis XIV would have ended our imbroglio with Cuba decades ago with one stroke of his royal pen.
Report thisBy Folktruther, January 4 at 3:36 pm #
Dihey—Obama was sent to the White House by Zionist neolibs, and his appointments mirror his rick backers. If he regulized relations with Cuba, he would be endorsing, for the American people and Latin America, state and party controlled economiy.
I don’t see how he could do it. I may be wrong but except for token gestures and placating American -Cubans, I think he will continue Bushite policies for Cuba, as he will generally.
Report thisBy dihey, January 4 at 12:02 pm #
Sure, our Cuba policy is the Edsel of the State Department. However, is it not remarkable how Iraq has disappeared from the websites? Our country does not occupy Cuba, it occupies Iraq. Ergo: Iraq is an infinitely more pressing issue for Pres. Obama than Cuba. And then there is Israel/Palestine. And Iran. And Afghanistan. Cuba? Just declare that Cuba is no longer a threat to our country, lift all restrictions on travel and commerce, and send an Ambassador to Havana. More than that is not needed. It can all be decided in one day. Need approval from the Congress? Ask Bush how to evade that little problem.
Report thisBy cyrena, January 3 at 9:34 am #
“Actually, US agribusiness is exporting huge amounts of food to Cuba.”
~~~
I’m not so sure this is a good thing at all for Cuba. In fact, US agribusiness isn’t a good thing for ANYBODY!!
Now of course if they can’t eat otherwise, then that’s a different story. They managed well enough before though, just by keeping US agribusiness and all other US business OUT!!
Meantime, if I needed health care or a place to survive a hurricane, I’m still sane enough to choose Cuba over the US. I’m sure that the once thriving Cuban community in New Orleans feels the same way.
So hopefully Obama WILL change the stupid policy of the last 5 decades, but I’m not so sure that I agree that Cuba WOULD have been ‘better off’ if this had been the case 50 years ago. They obviously would NOT have been better off if they’d become another US satellite, which is exactly what would have happened. That was the ‘plan’ for Cuba then, (another mob made city like Las Vegas and Atlantic City)and Castro wasn’t having it.
So that old 5% of the Cuban Royalty may not get to go back, but it’s hard to feel terribly sorry for them. The ones I know seem to have lived quite well in their newly adopted homes here in the US. (More in San Juan than there are in Florida.) And yep, like Brusays, the expats are finally dying off.
Report thisBy GKH, January 3 at 3:41 am #
Tao Walker hits the nail on the head! The problem with the USA is that it is not so much a country or state or nation, but a real estate controlled by the corporations with a fake “American dream” based on “individualism”. In essence being the richest country in the world and not having universal health care is in itself a slap in the face to any decent human. Cuba however has and it is sending its Armies of doctors across the globe.
Report thisThe self indulgence in individualism of the all American dream is flawed in the sense that we as humans are a “Social Species”! Therefrom comes the word Socialism! Without being the cooperative social being, we would have never evolved beyond being the monkey in the trees. Capitalism however is exactly the counter punch to this social cohesiveness!
I always shudder when I hear Americans wail against “nationalizing” corporations, natural resources and so forth. But as a citizen of a nation, even if the oil is found in my back yard, the back yard is still part of the territory of the country I reside in, therefore it is “National” property. So in essence the idea is to take the power away from the private corporations and return the national wealth to the people of the nation. And Cuba has done just that, as is Venezuela doing and some others.
With a global depression looming, the blame can be laid squarely at the capitalistic system of unchecked greed. Lucky for us, a few islands of sanity have remained on this planet, as Cuba has shown.
By Xntrk, January 3 at 1:53 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
I read the Nation editorial about the Cuban 50th Anniversary, and now Eugene Robinson’s. Having visited Cuba last spring [as did Tao Walker], I am disappointed at the chauvinistic approach of these commentaries.
Cuba may have been a US subsidiary for 60 years [1898 to 1959, but before that it was a Spanish Colony for 300. Yes, the US is only 90 miles away, and even before 1900 some Cubans hoped that the US would eliminate Spanish Rule. That was primarily the Cuban Slave owners tho [Slavery wasn’t banned till 1886]. It seems they felt a great affinity for the Confederate States [I wonder why?] Intellectually, the Cuban elite were more attuned to Europe. That is where they got their ideas and where they felt most comfortable. Jose Marti was an exile in Spain, and later in the US. He returned to Cuba a dedicated Revolutionary and adamantly anti-US. He believed we were an empire that would swallow Cuba whole, and not even burp.
Now, Fidel is ill, and Raul’s in charge, but he’s no kid [and I wonder if he’s actually a ‘pragmatist’] The US is getting ready for the delayed dessert it desired in the mid-Twentieth Century. We may discover it is the fish course, rather then the dessert. There are a lot of bones in that fish too.
While our Corporate Bosses have been drooling over the lovely Cuban Cayos and beaches, the Cubans have been busily developing them in partnership with British, Canadian, and European Companies - while carefully maintaining the majority ownership for the Cuban people. The same is true of their undeveloped oil resources, only the partners there are Venezuelan, Brazilian and Chinese Government entities.
Our Media Class and the US Corporate Government assume that Cuba is still trapped in the same era as their old US cars. Not so! the old cars are almost exclusively tricked out rentals for tourists, while European and Asian vehicles provide the transportation for the locals, whether it is public transport, or private cars.
I think the Castro Boys see the Revolution as their legacy. To have it collapse when they die would mean their lives were as meaningless as those of most of us. I think they are carefully providing a trust fund for their country, in the form of commercial enterprises and high-tech industries.
Cuba patented 44 new vaccines last year. They have a thriving genetic, stem cell, and GMO Development sector. They continue to train and place thousands of Doctors and Teachers around the World.
Yes, the celebration is a bit subdued this year - they are still trying to recover from 3 major hurricanes last year. But, the reality is that they will recover, whereas we have written off New Orleans as a lost cause.
George Will’s New Year’s Day column proclaimed that the US cannot afford Universal Health Care [He cannot speak the words ‘Single-Payer’] Interesting. We can afford endless Wars, countless bombs and bullets, extravagant Bail-Outs for the Wealthy, but we cannot afford Health Care: Something Cuba instituted in 1960, along with free Universal Education thru University.
Must be something to do with misplaced priorities…
Report thisBy pete, January 3 at 12:26 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
“For the past 50 years our policies towards Cuba have been largely dictated by the 5% of Cuba’s “haves” who fled under Castro. These are the ones who’d previously benefitted under Batista’s fantastically corrupt administration - an administration that favored the large U.S. corporations and with them, shared in the wealth sucked from the nation. All this at the expense of a destitute majority”
Damn well said Brusays….
Report thisBy Willpen, January 2 at 7:29 pm #
My husband was born on the Isle of Cuba on November 27th, 1954. His parents locked the door to their home on December 30, 1961, leaving every possession that they had to their names. They left with the hope one day of returning.
My husband passed away on July 21, 2001, never having been able to return for some badly needed closure, or to be able to show his two sons where he had come from. You can make all the political arguments for or against what the US should do regarding Cuba, but you cannot take away the human element that will always be part of this tragedy.
Report thisBy troublesum, January 2 at 5:59 pm #
Ever hear of a place called Gaza, Mr Robinson or is it just that your editors don’t allow you to write about it?
Report thisBy Spiritgirl, January 2 at 5:20 pm #
The US government should not attempt to “export” any more “democracy” until we have some here! Our failed ideology in both Iraq & Afghanistan should be proof enough that “we” need to stop meddling with other nations! Stop the embargo, it’s stupid, and not only did it not produce desired results, it only strengthened the regime’s claim in regards to US imperialism!
As for those expats living in Florida, last time I checked - Florida is still considered a US state - so is your allegiance to the country you live in, or the country you fled from so as not to be treated like everyone else?
Report thisBy BruSays, January 2 at 5:11 pm #
For the past 50 years our policies towards Cuba have been largely dictated by the 5% of Cuba’s “haves” who fled under Castro. These are the ones who’d previously benefitted under Batista’s fantastically corrupt administration - an administration that favored the large U.S. corporations and with them, shared in the wealth sucked from the nation. All this at the expense of a destitute majority.
As those expats die off, the South Florida political balance will continue its inevitable shift to a more sane policy between these two neighbors. With politicians no longer having to step so carefully around those bitter expats, money will start to flow back to Cuba. My only hope is that whoever or whatever directs Cuba after Castro, they avoid a re-attachment with the same U.S. corporate corruption that helped bring about their revolution 50 years ago.
Wishful thinking, I’m sure. Just look how corporate greed has mangled our own nation. Here’s little Cuba, just 90 miles away. Bet WalMart, Coca-Cola, Chase, Bank of America, etc. etc. etc. are drooling.
Report thisBy michael roloff, January 2 at 3:35 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I believe President-Elect Obama has made a change in relationship dependent on Cuba’s release of its political prisoners. This is the kind of statement that allows no end of wiggle room - but what if Raoul actually took him up on it, and even released all the hired assassins that they hold? Actually, US agribusiness is exporting huge amounts of food to Cuba. Mr. Robinson hurries too quickly over the degeneration of Cuban/ American relations subsequent to Castro’s victory which was hailed in the US, as was Castro during his first visit to the UN in the 50s. It was the nationalization of US corporation owned refineries and latifundias that produced the break, and let us not forget the Dulles brothers dancing a jig when their embargo forced Castro into the embrace of the Russian bear. Kennedy half-assedly going through with the Eisenhower-planned Bay of Pigs invasion made matters worse, and demonstrated that charismatic’s criminality and incompetence at one and the same time. These acts no doubt supported Castro caudillismoism’s exertion through a one party government. No kind person would wish a return to the previous kind of resort exploitation on Cuba that American consumer democracy would bring. However, Cuba, in dire need of hard currency has already made compromises along those lines. A Chavez type democracy is something that Cuba might achieve in concert with it Bolivarian friends, maybe??
Report thisBy sophrosyne, January 2 at 2:41 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
What threat did Cuba eevr present to USA? Who cares if they want state socialism. End the trade embargo and stop the nonsense.
Report thisBy PatrickHenry, January 2 at 1:27 pm #
Another example of failed U.S. foreign policy.
Thank the small, organized expat sugar lobbys for creating the stone wall for the rest of the Americans who wish to engage with the Cubans publically and privately.
Doe’s this remind you of another (1.7%) minorities’ inordinate control over the general public’s policy preferences?
Guantanamo is a stain on the soul of America and the founders of it. The way we have treated our close neighbor, Cuba is rephrehensible and shameful.
We need people held accountable in this lifetime
Report thisBy Purple Girl, January 2 at 10:33 am #
At this point American shouldn’t be exporting any of it’s politiacal ‘methodologies’ and certianly not our Corp ideologies. Why would we wish such things on others?
Report thisOur political system has been undermined, Our Corps have made US Indentured slaves and our Religious fanatics are trying to throw US back into the Dark ages!
Perhaps give US a few years to disinfect the place and then we can begin interaction again with others. Until our ideology changes from ‘Imposing our will on others’ to building Working relationships, we should not allow this disgusting doctrine which has plagued our nation for 40 yrs to spread any further.
Really what do we have to offer Cubans..Certainly not more honorable leadership, Not much of an economic stradegy, and certainly not Ways to ‘Make Friends and Influence people’
Unitl we get our Public Servants back to Serving th ePublic and our Corps being tools instead of Masters, We’d better keep to ourselves for a few years (decades).
We may have done the people of Cuba a favor for the last 40 yrs, By not infecting them with this contagious disease carried by the Neo Con Inc.
By Jon, January 2 at 9:42 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
We all know that Americans and American corporations would zoom into Cuba if it were opened to us, and create a booming tourist destination, but the problem with this is: it would be like Atlantic City or Vegas—lots of cash for the elite, while the rest continued to live as poor as they do now. Trickle down does not work. If Cuba is smart, it will make provisions for all of its people to benefit from any American Gold Rush, since they only need to look at the United States to see that massive wealth here never trickles down. It will be interesting to see how Cuba might deal with this issue; would it capitulate and abandon its people for the sake of the wealthy, or not?
Report thisBy TAO Walker, January 2 at 5:35 am #
This old Indian visited Havana briefly early last year. The Cuban people are as susceptible to the blandishments of the “global” gewgaw factory as any other members of the sub-species homo domesticus. That they haven’t become as enmeshed in toxic consumerism as so many others, however, should prove much to their benefit as that dead-end “ethic” reaches its inevitably painful conclusion.
It may or may not’ve been part of Fidel Castro’s thinking to prepare his island country to weather calamitous events and deteriorating conditions few foresaw fifty years ago. That they are in a relatively better position to do that than the so-called “advanced democracies” with their consumption-driven and self-destructive economies, however, was quite evident to this old eye-witness….if only because the Cubans don’t have anywhere near as far to fall.
Eugene Robinson is surely not suggesting here that “americanizing” Cuba, even as theallamericandream disintegrates in “the homeland” into the nightmare it has for so long been for so many peoples in so many places, is something that’ll be “greeted with flowers” there. As an ordinary Person who’s talked with ordinary Cubans, this old Man can tell him that’d just be more-of-the-same allamericanexceptionalism singing its own praises.
How’bout theamericanpeople grow-up some before they indulge any further in their self-centered presumption that everybody else in the world is just dying to be just like them. After only the last eight years of america rampant (nevermind the last four hundred), how can anyone with any sense even entertain such a cock-eyed notion?
HokaHey!
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