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Virtual JFK: The 44th President’s Foreign Policy ChallengePosted on Oct 29, 2008
By James G. Blight and janet M. Lang This generation of Americans has already had enough of war. … We do not want war. … The world knows the United States will never start a war. If strength becomes weakness because of the vanity to which strength may prompt the mighty man or nation … the situation is ironic. After the Nov. 4 election the new U.S. president, either Barack Obama or John McCain, will face a bewildering array of dangerous foreign policy crises. To have any chance at successfully managing these crises, the new president must bring two qualities to the job, both of which are reversals from the norm established during the administration of George W. Bush: (a) skepticism about the utility of military solutions to political problems; and (b) the willingness and the ability to inform and instruct the American people as to why, as Churchill once put it, “to jaw-jaw is better than war-war.” The historical precedent for such a president, we argue, was President John F. Kennedy, especially in his approach to the crisis he faced over what to do about the disintegrating situation in Vietnam. Understanding how JFK dealt with Vietnam helps us understand what we call virtual JFK: what JFK probably would have done in Vietnam if he had not been assassinated. The degree to which the next president emulates JFK’s success on both points—resistance to military solutions and the capacity to explain this resistance to the American people—is, we believe, the degree to which the president we elect on Nov. 4 has a chance of success. Postelection U.S. Foreign Policy: The Return of the Repressed Advertisement Once elected and inaugurated, however, a U.S. president’s politics become global literally overnight. At that moment, issues of war and peace come to the fore for the new commander in chief. This was true during the Cold War. It is still true now, at the end of the first decade of the 21st century. Shortly after noon EST on Jan. 20, 2009, either Obama or McCain will be thrust headlong into a withering array of foreign policy crises, whose number and potential threat to U.S. interests around the world rival those faced by presidents during the darkest days of the Cold War. We will mention only four looming crises, all caused by, or greatly exacerbated by, the disastrous foreign policies of the Bush administration, all in the Middle East and South Asia, any one of which could spiral into a monumental disaster with dramatic repercussions for the U.S. and perhaps the entire world. The list of probable foreign policy crises could be made longer, to include an increasingly bold, anti-Western and belligerent Russia; a rising Chinese behemoth set to challenge the U.S. at every point in East Asia; the collapsing deal with North Korea to dismantle its nuclear weapons program, a situation that carries potential consequences in Northeast Asia almost too horrible to contemplate; and a potential tinderbox in Cuba, following a half-century of rule by Fidel and Raul Castro. Four epochal disasters are already under way, each of which is likely to wind up on the new president’s desk within 24 hours of his inauguration. They are: • Iraq. More than five years after the U.S. invasion and subsequent occupation, Shiites allied with Iran are poised to take virtually total control of the country as the U.S. withdraws. Their objective: to establish an Islamic republic on the Iranian model. The new president must decide: intervene militarily, again, to prevent this from happening, or accept the outcome as inevitable, try to manage the outcome politically in the U.S., and learn to deal with the Baghdad government, whoever may be in charge, and begin exploration of mutual interests with both Baghdad and Tehran.
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A Progressive Journal of News and Opinion. Editor, Robert Scheer. Publisher, Zuade Kaufman.
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By gemantel, December 5, 2008 at 11:12 pm #
Was it really that hard to understand, Folktruther?
But if it was, maybe this will help clarify it (see link below)
-http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/latestnews/stories/120508dntexlbjaudio.2dd019ec.html
Report thisBy Folktruther, November 4, 2008 at 2:48 am #
I don’t get it, gemantel. What are you hinting?
Report thisBy gemantel, November 3, 2008 at 5:28 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Do you perhaps suppose there was pressure on Johnson (possibly from elsewhere in Washington?) such that he just couldn’t resist the prospects of war in Vietnam? The kind of pressure that Eisenhower warned about in his farewell speech?
After all, it is absolutely no secret that LBJ himself did not have faith in the supposed truth behind the events that led to the Tonkin Gulf resolution—as this lack of belief is preserved on audiotape via phone conversations.
Furthermore, James Galbraith has stated the following:
“My father retains a distinct, chilling recollection of LBJ’s words to him, in private, on one of their last meetings before the Vietnam War finally drove them apart: ‘You may not like what I’m doing in Vietnam, Ken, but you would not believe what would happen if I were not here.’”
Which in turn might relate to an earlier proposal by the Joint Chiefs, that of a nuclear First Strike at the former Soviet Union, with a “prime time” target date of December 1963.
And the fact that the tape of the phone call from Hoover to LBJ on the morning of 11/23/63, regarding the impersonation of Oswald in Mexico City, was subsequently erased.
And thus it doesn’t take too much of an imagination to surmise that the “little” lie that prevailed throughout the 50s and into the 60s—that the Russians enjoyed a comfortable military advantage over the USA—just might lurk as a dark secret behind what happened to our beloved 35th President in Dallas the day before.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, November 3, 2008 at 1:47 pm #
“War Is The Health Of The State”:
( http://www.bigeye.com/warstate.htm )
But I would say, war is the state.
One can’t reasonably say that capitalism is the cause of war, however, since war preceded capitalism by many millennia. (It has been reported that even chimpanzees conduct wars.) Rather, capitalism fits itself into the war-state system; it is a phase of the system. It may even mitigate it somewhat, since direct violence is replaced by greed and contests over property; property is maintained by force, but it is mostly implicit or threatened force rather than its overt exercise. On the other hand, because capitalism is so creative and productive, when contests of force do break out they are much more destructive and terrifying than those of pre-capitalist days.
Report thisBy walldizo, November 3, 2008 at 7:16 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Historians and political scientists may argue certain guestures that could be interpreted differently from their common acceptance.Such arguments usually attract attention when they relate to present issues of contentious nature.Historians and political scientists generally base their judgment on material substances and not on hypothetical assumptions.Even if we conceive the idea that JFK was actually sincere in withdrawing troops from Vietnam, events on the ground refute such convictions regardless of how we justify his inability to carry on his intentioned policy.This will bring us closer to the real question; Can the US thrive and prosper without waging wars on others?? and if so, wouldn’t JFK or any other president for this matter,be violating the trust of his constituancy should he opposed waging wars agaist others ???.Its the generally accepted trend for the US policies which derive its essence from Capitalism that puts the rules and directives for the successful president.I think it woul be more approprate if discussions are directed toward the nature of Capitalism as a warring system that binds those who adhere to its principles with the existing US policies.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, November 2, 2008 at 10:27 pm #
You don’t seem particularly gullible to me.
Report thisBy Folktruther, November 2, 2008 at 1:41 pm #
I agree, Anarcissie, that there certainly is a Kennedy whitewash machine that even extends to Boobie Kennedy. And that he did increase the number of advisers.
But, given that I don’t know the ins and outs of it, he did appear to resist his military and intelligence advisors which Paul Dale Scott thinks is the reason for his assassination.
For example, he did not implement the false flag operation Northwoods unanimously approved by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to arouse oppinion to invade Cuba. And he did appear to want to take some ‘advisors’ out of Vietnam.
But I am very gullible and you may be right.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, November 2, 2008 at 1:14 pm #
Folktruther, I fear you’re being taken in by the Kennedy monarchical whitewash machine. I didn’t know it was still running, but there it is. The king can do no wrong….
Eisenhower had at most 1100 military people in Vietnam. (The web sites I read today say 800.) They were really advisors. In fact, Diem and company were unwilling to let them get anywhere near operational forces; Diem distrusted American involvement (with good reason, as it would turn out later). In any case, Eisenhower was extremely dubious about war on the famous Asian land mass. One of Kennedy’s campaign promises was to “get America moving again.” The war in Vietnam was one example of what he meant. I don’t think he intended to abandon it. Since the war turned out badly, however, the ruling-class intelligentsia have gone to great effort to revise history in favor of their hero.
Report thisBy walldizo, November 2, 2008 at 7:29 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
If JFK, as depicted,was sincere in getting the troops out of Vietnam regardless of the numbers already deployed there, then we need not go any further than those who opposed his policy to figure out who assassinated JFK.So, based on this assumption,one would also predict the same fate for Obama should he threaten the interest of the oil comlex by withdrawing from Iraq.Should this happen, A goolmy scenario will ensue leaving us with another LBJ’s long and repeated search for a dragon to kill.
Report thisBy Folktruther, October 31, 2008 at 10:41 pm #
Even, granted that you are right about the number of Advisers in Vietnam, Anarcissie, the fact that there is evidence that he wanted to take some out indicates what he was thinking.
He asked Mike Mansfield, the former majority leader of the Senate, and later ambassodor to Japan, to write an analysis of the options and Mansfield decided that there was no way to win. No matter how many troops the US put in, Vietnam could match them. Also Kennedy was really pissed by the military and intelligence advice he got in invading Cuba.
I am not saying he was not an imperialist, or even a militarist. But the evidence suggests that he didn’t want to fight in Vietnam, a war that Ike handed off to him.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, October 31, 2008 at 9:59 pm #
Wikipedia gives the number as 16,300. Elsewhere I have read other figures ranging from 14,000 to 17,000.
Report thisBy prole, October 31, 2008 at 5:03 pm #
Despite the copious disclaimers, the implicit underlying assumption here, as in more hawkish quarters, is that the U.S. should reign supreme in the world and the “debate” is confined largely to “soft power” vs. “force projection”. This
Report thishas been going on for many decades, at least since JFK, it’s essentially what the Democratic and Republican wings of America’s duopoly one-party state tussle over - how best to manage the
empire. Using JFK as a ‘role model’ takes quite a bit of revisionist reworking for some of the reasons cited in the other comments above. Describing Vietnam in the brief Kennedy era as a"disintegrating situation” is a telling indicator of this twisted
rationale. Disintegrating only in the sense that it could no longer be managed effectively by successive Western colonial powers, using handpicked local puppet regimes. If this were clearly and forthrightly explained or acknowledged to the wider American public outside of the elite sectors, they would likely have little trouble accepting it. By the time the bloodbath in S.E.Asia was in full swing - commenced by the real JFK, regardless of
what the academic “virtual” one would do - the “resistance to military solutions” among the public was widespread. In fact, they didn’t need any Democratic/Republican power broker from among the
elites to “explain” this to them. Rather it was the other way around. Then as now, popular opinion is subject to dangerous manipulation, even demagoguery, but it may not always be as bellicose as those of the elites. Suppose that some “top scholars” were to do a “path-breaking” “thought experiment” on a “virtual public” better informed and without being subjected to the same blandishments of media disinformation and official propaganda. All existing in a “virtual America” with a direct democracy not a detached one-party monolith. Under such conditions, maybe we wouldn’t have to rely so much on the whims and temperament of those entrusted with too much concentrated power. As was rightly noted, no one can be “certain Kennedy would have withdrawn from Vietnam”, but the fact that costly conferences are convened to rehash such questions says alot about the underlying lack of democracy in the society and the way people are trained to trust their fate, including war and peace, to remote political potentates. To make an even greater leap in the purely hypothetical by coloring it with the quasi-historical, and investing Obama with all the virtual virtues that the researcher longs for and painting his adversary with all the qualities of the shameful past is substantively insupportable. McCain may be an unpalatable warmonger but Obama too has indicated his willingness to use force against Iran and expand the size of the military and deepen involvement in a “quagmire” in Afghanistan, etc., so as to make him almost as suspect. You don’t have to agree with all of Bacevich’s views to recognize that he and many others are right to believe the system is broken. Instead of creating “virtual” worlds of idealized presidents to save us, we need to create a more viable popular democracy.
By Paul Manola, October 31, 2008 at 3:24 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
It has always been interesting to hear the views of non-miltary people. The facts are that on the day Kennedy was killed there were 4000 troops in Viet Nam. A month prior to that Kennedy had sent NSAM # 263 saying he wanted to pull 1000 of those out. He was, based on his military experience leaning towards avoiding a conflict which he felt would only lead to more and more envolvement. It is documented in several speeches and press conferences that he stated the struggle in Viet Nam is their fight and they will have to fight it. Anyone who has experienced lethal combat knows that no matter how well planned, equipped and ready, the moment the first round leaves the chamber all bets are off. Johnson quickly reversed the approach to Viet Nam and by January 1964 16,000+ troops were in country.
Report thisBy Blackspeare, October 31, 2008 at 2:37 pm #
The question to be shortly answered is will Obama be more like Kennedy or Carter? Time will tell. One thing certain is the incoming administration will receive little cooperation from the outgoing and will do much to make the transition more difficult. Obama is going to have one hell of a situation on his hands both domestically and internationally——he may have to be more like Roosevelt than anybody else.
But one thing is certain, no matter what Obama does Limbaugh and Hannity will rip him apart, but it is good for the ratings!
Report thisBy Anarcissie, October 31, 2008 at 11:37 am #
On the contrary, war is the essence of the politics of the state. The problem is not that political ends cannot be achieved by military means, but that the political ends are often contradictory and at odds with the official narrative (which is quite important). Both Iraq and Vietnam could have been subjugated by using much larger forces and completely destroying the social order and physical plant of the countries, as the Nazis or the Romans might have. However, this could not have been done on the cheap, nor would it have gone along with the theoretical purpose of the invasions.
The narrative and purpose of the war in Vietnam was important in Kennedy’s case because he also had to fight another kind of war, the political struggle with his domestic competitors. Americans were not yet tired of the war in 1963. In fact, they had hardly begun to think about it; when they did think about it, they were generally enthusiastic. (De Tocqueville remarked of the Americans that there was no people so willing to start a war, and so unwilling to fight it.) Getting out scot-free in 1963 would have been quite a difficult trick, especially after botching the Bay of Pigs and leading the country through the wringer of the Cuban missile crisis. Of course later it would become much more difficult. I think Johnson and Kennedy were on the same page with respect to Vietnam, and as you observe Kennedy’s advisors were all very fond of the war (at the time).
Report thisBy InTheKnow, October 31, 2008 at 7:43 am #
My thoughts about this subject are thus:
1) Presidents, notwithstanding any prior military service, are professional politicians, NOT military commanders. Civilians typically do not understand this. Consider this: Is it logical to assume that a professional politician, someone who has spent years and years practicing politics, is suddenly going to make a good military commander of U.S. Armed Forces? Absolutely not! The title of Commander-In-Chief is conferred upon the winner of a political contest. It is not earned by demonstrating high military aptitude for commanding military forces. Therefore, presidents make very poor military decisions when required to do so. They typically further compound the problem by putting the Secretay of Defense, another civilian, in charge of the Pentagon. The Secretary of Defense then selects Generals who will kow-tow to him, instead of doing what they know to be the correct military thing to do. This is why the USA is always attempting to accomplish a political objective using military might. Real Generals know that in the long-term, it is not possible to accomplish a political objective using military might; especially if that political objective is democracy (as in Vietnam & Iraq, for examples).
2) I have reason to believe that President Kennedy probably would have escalated the Vietnam Conflict much the way LBJ did. How so? Well, he’s the one who hired the the “Big Three”: Defense Secretary Robert McNamara, Secretary of State Dean Rusk and National Security Adviser McGeorge Bundy, in the first place. Presidents don’t typically hire advisors that they constantly disagree with. Eventually, he probably would have followed their advice to “win the war”. Additionally, the U.S. was involved in the Cold War, and President Kennedy probably bought into the Domino Theory. Even as a Senator, Kennedy argued the importance of the West defending Southeast Asia from Communism, after returning from a fact-finding tour to the Middle and Far East.
Report thisBy Folktruther, October 31, 2008 at 4:09 am #
The political cost for ‘losing’Vietnam would not be unacceptable if you weren’t going to run again. that’s the difference betweeen Kennedy’s second term and Johnson’s first full term. Paul Dale Scott, such a fanatical researcher that the U of Cal publishes his assissination theories, maintains that Kennedy made too many enemies, both by his lack of militarism in Vietnam and Cuba.
And his assassination is one reason why people still are facinated by him. the blatant lies and evasions of the Warren commission, like that of the 9/11 comminssion, make it impossible to bury historical events while the truth is obviously still covered up.
The most effective deception of the American people is done by the pseudo-progressives (alright, pseudo-leftists) to interpret the historical truth in ways that provide damage control for the Amereican power system. Just as the regulation of American industry is done by industry representatives, so the progressive truth about Amereican power is covered up by pseudo-leftists protecting the American power system.
This is why marxism (and real anarchism) has been repressed in the US. As Francis Conors Saunders, a British historian, has documented, the liberal and socialist left during the Cold War was funded by the CIA and other Foundations to be anti-communist and anti-marxist. The covering up of the assassinations was part of this Cold War damage control.
And this led directly to the covering up of the false flag operation of 9/11-anthrax. The evidence is hidden in plain sight but leftists like Cockburn and Chomsky denigrate anyone pointing it out. People will keep digging at history until the truth is finally acknowledged, which is one of the reasons for the facination with the Kennedys.
Report thisBy Anarcissie, October 30, 2008 at 11:17 pm #
All right; then I hope Obama, if he is elected, will be like your Kennedy, and not like my Kennedy, if he can’t do any better than that.
I don’t see much reason to believe that Kennedy was preparing to withdraw from Vietnam; the U.S. knew from the battle of Ap Bac that the South Vietnamese regime was not going to survive on its own, and the domestic political cost for “losing Vietnam” would have been unacceptable. And perhaps the foreign political cost as well. The correct imperial plan for Vietnam would have been for the U.S. leadership to seduce Ho Chi Minh away from his Soviet and Chinese allies, as they did Tito. I am not sure why this was deemed impossible, but I suppose it may have something to do with Vietnam’s previous colonial status.
It is discouraging to observe that we are still not done with the hagiography of the Kennedys.
Report thisBy Folktruther, October 30, 2008 at 4:29 pm #
Although the US is committed to a war trajectory, Anarcissie, which both Obiden and McCain will pursue, the writers do have a point about Kennedy. He was a warmonger but he exercised restraint, both in the Cuba war and confrontation, and in Vietnam.
McNaumara, in his book IN RETROSPECT, hints distantly and deniably that Kennedy was assassinated because he had begun to withdraw advisers from Vietnam. These advisers were in fact plane and helicopter pilots who actually flew with native pretend pilots, but the distinction between advisers and military troops was still an important one.
Johnson was a militarist like McCain (and Biden) and didn’t want to lose. With McCain, one would have as president a man who spent his whole career as a fighter pilot, and who has a bad temper. A man trained to be reflexsive not reflective. In a crucial situation, Obama would have a cooler head than McCain. This is one real reason for progressives voting for him, the other, having an African-American president.
Since, however, in both California and New York, Obama is ahead by 20+ points in the last poll I saw, I suggest voting for McKinney
Report thisBy Anarcissie, October 30, 2008 at 10:46 am #
The sad, material fact is that when Kennedy entered office, there were about 1100 American military people in Vietnam and on the day he died there were 17,000. It was only after the Vietnam adventure turned sour that one began to see assertions that, had he lived, he would have withdrawn this force. Kennedy’s chosen servants, his cabinet and other advisors, pushed Johnson further into the war. Kennedy’s numerous, monarchistic sycophants among the intelligentsia don’t want to believe their hero had feet of clay, yet he did—covered with blood. But no amount of whitewash will cover up the facts about Vietnam or its harbinger, the Bay of Pigs.
I already know McCain is an enthusiastic warmonger; I can only hope that if Obama becomes president, he will not be like Kennedy.
Report thisBy wakeupUSA, October 30, 2008 at 9:49 am #
Any thinking and compassionate person knows that Sarah Palin and John McCain are buttheads extraordinaire who would only steer the country further into an already dark abyss.
Go to: http://www.buttheadpolice.com
Vote for them, and other buttheads like Bush, to get asses stamped on their heasd. All in good fun, but makes a wicked statement. Spread the word!! Buttheads will roll!!
Report thisBy writeon, October 30, 2008 at 4:51 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Good King, bad King. Dumb King, smart King. Lucky King, unlucky King. Balanced King, unbalanced King.
Surely Democracy should ammount to more than this? A ‘monarch’ deciding the fate of millions, if not the world.
Even a President is still only one man, a mere mortal, in bewilderingly complex and contradictory world.
It’s here that his court of advisers becomes of crucial importance. Everyone is trying to influence the ‘monarch’ and pull him in this way and that. Bush was an easy mark, seemingly a puppet controlled by a ring of grand advisors, who through him, wealded extraordinary power over the state apparatus. Men who were given and took power, yet were mostly unelected coutiers at the world’s most powerful court.
Report thisBy John Bottorff, October 30, 2008 at 3:41 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Outstanding piece. My hope is that there are enough able minded citizens out here in cyberspace that can wrap their brains around the importance of this election. Are we as a society going to elevate to an enlightened level of human understanding and consciousness? Simple gratitude and appreciation for fellow human beings is not too much to ask, is it? I hope in my lifetime that I see the beauty of coexisting together on this planet. Obama ‘08
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