![]() ![]() |
![]() |
| |
|
Forty Years OnPosted on Apr 3, 2008By E.J. Dionne WASHINGTON—Forty years ago, American liberalism suffered a blow from which it has still not recovered. On April 4, 1968, a relatively brief but extraordinary moment of progressive reform ended, and a long period of conservative ascendancy began. The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and the ensuing riots that engulfed the nation’s capital and big cities across the country signaled the collapse of liberal hopes in a smoky haze of self-doubt and despair. Conservatives, on the run through much of the decade, found a broad new audience for their warnings against the disorders and disruptions bred by reform. A shrewd politician named Richard Nixon sensed the direction of the political winds. When President Johnson’s commission on urban unrest released its report in early 1968 and blamed the previous year’s rioting on “white racism,” Nixon would have none of it. The commission, he said, “blames everybody for the riots except the perpetrators of the riots.” He urged “retaliation.” Nixon knew that his call for law and order was drawing working-class whites away from their alliance with the New Deal and the Great Society. “I have found great audience response to this theme in all parts of the country,” Nixon wrote to former President Dwight D. Eisenhower. It is easy to forget that the core themes of contemporary conservatism were born in response to the events of 1968. The attacks on “big government,” the defense of states’ rights, the scorn for “liberal judicial activism,” “liberal do-gooders,” “liberal elitists,” “liberal guilt” and “liberal permissiveness” were rooted in the reaction that gathered force as liberal optimism receded. From the death of John F. Kennedy in November of 1963 until the congressional elections of November 1966, liberals were triumphant, and what they did changed the world. Civil rights and voting rights, Medicare and Medicaid, clean air and clean water legislation, Head Start, the Job Corps and federal aid to schools had their roots in the liberal wave that began to ebb when Lyndon Johnson’s Democrats suffered broad losses in the 1966 voting. The decline that 1966 signaled was sealed after April 4, 1968. Liberals themselves share blame for the waning of their movement. Just because right-wing politicians used “law and order” as a code for race did not mean that concern about crime was illegitimate. On the contrary, the country was in the opening stages of a serious crime wave and had good reason to worry about rising violence. Liberalism itself was cracking up in 1968. Liberals had turned on each other over Johnson’s Vietnam policy. The old civil rights coalition splintered as advocates of racial integration warred with the defenders of Black Power, a slogan voiced in 1966 by a young activist named Stokely Carmichael. Martin Luther King left this Earth at a moment of gloom, at least about the short term. “I feel this summer will not only be as bad but worse than last time,” he said, four days before his death, in a sermon at Washington’s National Cathedral. He was referring to the urban riots of the previous summer. And then came the days of chaos that followed his assassination. “For those who had dreamed the dreams of the New Frontier, and shared the hopes of a Great Society, this was perhaps the darkest moment of the entire decade,” wrote Godfrey Hodgson, a British journalist who stands as one of the wisest chroniclers of the 1960s. Forty years on, is it possible to recapture the hope and energy of the days and years before that April 4th? Has liberalism spent enough time in purgatory for the country to revisit how much was accomplished in its name and to acknowledge that the nation is better off for what the liberals did? In “The Liberal Hour,” an important new history of the 1960s that will be published in July, Colby College scholars G. Calvin Mackenzie and Robert S. Weisbrot note that for all its deficiencies, the period of liberal sway “demonstrated what democratic politics can produce when public consensus crescendos, when coherent majorities prevail, and when skilled leaders provide direction, inspiration, and relentless energy.” For decades before the 1960s, conservatism was held in contempt by large swaths of the intellectual and political class. It was one of the great achievements of William F. Buckley Jr., whose death we mourned a few weeks ago, to insist that respect be paid to the great tradition whose cause he championed. Now is the moment to put an end to our contempt for liberalism. There was business left unfinished on that fateful day in 1968, and it is time to take it up again. E.J. Dionne’s e-mail address is postchat(at)aol.com. © 2008, Washington Post Writers Group Previous item: Confessions of an Economic Hit Man Next item: Nobody Votes for a Quitter Elsewhere: . CommentsAre you a Truthdig member yet? Login now, or register with Truthdig.
Comment Pages:
1
»
By Conservative Yankee, April 14 at 4:57 am # “Nixon was enough of a realist to see how and why the nation as a whole benefited from human aid programs for America’s poor” Actually Nixon was faced with a Hobson’s choice. 2.) Sign the bills with a smile and thwart the Democratic bid to unseat him in ‘72. No politician has really “cared” about poor people. FDR’s programs were a successful attempt to save the idea of Capitalism during a time when large numbers of US citizen’s were questioning this economic system. LBJ gave us “The war on poverty” as blackmail payment in an unsuccessful attempt to get poor folks to stop burning US cities. The cash welfare payments to help keep the people drunk and stoned and limit the number of Malcolm X’s and Huey Newtons who were emerging from the Ghetto… Remember there was no “war on drugs” in the 30’s 40’s or 50’s when these drugs stayed in Harlem, Newark or Watts. The “war on drugs” began when white girls from Scarsdale and Marin County began getting high. Nixon (like the business-shill and token) cared not a whit about anyone outside his family.
By Nino, May 11 at 7:23 pm # Re: its all planned that way...FDR in the 30s based his economic plan on fascism and it failed..pearl harbor solved the depression and also saved mother russia after it was invaded by fellow left winger hitler! Drugs have always been around..it was called dope for it took a dope to take it but was reserved for the ruling class kids in ivy league and later hollyweird. It was not till the 50s when parents were brainwashed into giving kids money.ie allowance for doing nothing that the middle class became a target..names like joint,grass,weed were used..but ‘pot’was finally settled on when it was discovered that frosh always sat right near the ladies in the cafeteria..they ran home and caught a whiff of whats on the stove and felt better..and so ‘pot’was picked to fool adults into thinking its harmless and fool kids into thinking its a cure from fear and anxiety....
By DHFabian, April 13 at 6:11 am # The Common GoodAlthough, interestingly, Nixon was enough of a realist to see how and why the nation as a whole benefited from human aid programs for America’s poor, enabling them to move up into the mainstream economy (often via solid education and job skills training programs), and how this was in the best interests of the nation. At the least, those policies reduced public medical costs and increased the number of job-ready Americans, reduced crime, and significantly reduced economic disparities.
By Bill Blackolive, April 6 at 9:49 am # OK, OK, and thus it has been butOk, ok, and I am born 9/17,40 and am an old acid- head, and fled Berkeley because of the riots, being incarnationally more trhe violent sort, and today I know personally a generation in their twenties who already know this government attacted its citizens 9/11, and this bunch know computers better than I do and are busy world-wise. I am in Outside Writers, of Pat King, in his twenties. I have a daughter, with husband, both age 25. I have a niece in an organization of name misses me this moment who are involved in getting labtops to illiterate kids in the jungle, in the mountains, in impovershed places. They already know all this. We are in for a revolutionary change.
By Harry H. Snyder, April 6 at 9:16 am # After 44 years, I finally know what he’s talking about! Though I know that evenin’s empire
By Conservative Yankee, April 6 at 5:45 am # E.J. Dionne, Oh how forty years makes us forget. Liberals were a despised species in the sixties.. the difference from then to now is “liberals"are now the “left” where in the sixties they were the “center, hated by left and right equally. Don’t remember that? Ask anyone who did the “May-Day” thing in 1971 By that time the liberals had gone from just being ignored by the left to being outright detested. One could make the argument that due to liberal bargaining and retreat, we got Nixon, Reagan, and ultimately GWB!
By Nino, April 7 at 11:04 am # Re: the left always the left...Pres.Taft was a skull and bonesman and lowered the tariff and gave us the income tax..Wilson gave us WW1 and loved birth of a nation..Harding kept us out of the league but Coolidge just went fishing...Hoover saved Russia in ww1 and FDR saved Communism in general..he also gave us the most leftwing gov.up to that time.a truly evil man..Harry gave us the first no win war Korea..Ike almost destroyed the republican party by ignoring the massacre in hungary and then inviting the butcher to america,,and also gave cuba to the reds..on and on..the left has been in control for a century...thus ,if one looks at the deft. of a ‘conservative’ that means .for the statu quo” thus the establishment is conservative,and those of us who hate collectivism are the Liberals...this time around we have a Hobsons choice of three nags with cloven hooves..maybe I will go Constitution party..in no way will I vote for evil A nor B..
By Nino Baldino, April 6 at 3:26 am # the demos never did lose that war....their were two parties in 1860..the new Republican anti-slavery one..and the domoncrat pro-slavery one..600,000 casulties later their were still two parties..the Demoncrats organized the KKK and terrorized the freed blacks into not joining the Republican party,adding poll taxes and literacy tests to the mixture...in 1914 Demoncrat Wilson premiered the pro-KKK flim.Birth of a nation..in the white house and endorsed it..tall me..how come the same white slavers call those states the solid south and how come so many descendents of those poor unfortunant slaves dont belong to the Republican party..even in the voting for the civil rights act back in the 1965s..it was southern demoncrats who tried to san bag it...go figure ..Nino
By Nino, April 14 at 1:25 pm # Re: Re: Fascists are on the left..as wereIF one tells a lie loud enough and big enough,the gullible ones blink and absorb the nonsense...consider the long line on the chalk board..this horonzontal line representes the populace..in the center is a gov.that has about 50% control over the lives of its people.as one moves to the left that control grows..to the far left is of course complete dictatorship..a strong central gov.which controls all means of production..no free elections,no freedom of speech etc etc..so regardless of the silly names..Commie,Nazi,Fascist etc they are all blood brothers..like Buggsy Seigal and Al Capone..they fight only over which part of town is theirs...on the right are folks like me...less gov control more individual freedom..extreme right is anarchy..lasts only a short time..mob riots etc..then usually ending up with a dictatorship...what a silly campaign this time around..last it was two skull and bonesman..now we have an anti-semitic wise guy ,a woman who debates like she controlled bubba and the hero ,who has the moral backbone of an eclair.....
By Jim Yell, April 4 at 9:01 am # it is about recognition we are in itFirst off I think Religion and in particular fundamentilist religion which teaches their members they have a right to dictate, not preach and encourage others, none religious or other religious alike in what their group believe God wants. It has greatly been at heart of laws intruding on peoples personal lives and a voting block that votes to cut off their own noses to spite their faces. It is why so many working poor vote for Republicans and other coorporate enablers. On the left is the false belief that we have to like each other, even love each other, but in fact all we have to do is respect each other. If love or like follow it is a gift, not an obligation. When people behave badly it is sometimes only necessary to acknowledge they have stepped over the line. If people are chronic about this bad behavior than they must recognize it and try to mitigate the bad behavior. If they don’t it is no ones obligation to tolerate them on a personal level. It is necessary to recognize and support our mutual legal rights in any case. Think about this and hold your punches.
By bozhidar bob balkas, April 4 at 3:56 am # basics have not changedmuch if at all, but cosmetics/tactics change all the time. amers who blame ‘neocons’ for current events do not espy that US always h. ‘neocons’ and that US basic structure of governance remains the same. new cons, old cons, cons in the middle, what’s that? who cares? it’s waste of time to define them. Add Your Comment |
COMMENT TOOLS:
Hide comments
Show comments
Comment on this article