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Reports

Weak Labor’s Strong Clout

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Posted on Sep 3, 2007

By E.J. Dionne, Jr.

WASHINGTON—The American labor movement is divided on which candidate to support for president. Its membership is at one of its lowest ebbs in our history. And yet the nation’s unions are more politically influential today than they were in the movement’s heyday in the 1950s.

    Organized labor’s clout is reflected in a Democratic presidential race in which every candidate is seeking labor’s blessing. No Democrat is criticizing unions as “a special interest,” a common line of attack from moderate and neoliberal Democrats in the 1980s.

    Having played a major role in the Democrats’ 2006 victory, labor has real influence in the new Congress. In the vote earlier this year on labor’s central legislative demand—changing federal law to allow for a “card check” system to make it easier for unions to organize—only two House Democrats split from the union cause. It is hard to find a precedent for that degree of Democratic solidarity on labor’s behalf.

    The 2006 results also put to rest anxieties that the defection of seven unions from the AFL-CIO to form the new Change to Win federation would weaken labor’s effectiveness on Election Day.

    Labor’s political gains have occurred in the face of a steady decline in its private-sector role. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 24 percent of the American work force was unionized in 1973, and unionization rates were roughly equal in the public and private sectors.

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    The latest figures, for 2006, show a decline in unionization to 12 percent of the work force and a radical shift in labor’s composition: Now, only 7 percent of private-sector workers belong to unions, compared with 36 percent of workers in the public sector.

    The shift in labor’s base and the overall drop in membership may both be central to the growing political sophistication and influence of the unions.

    The public-sector unions, with an obvious interest in the outcome of elections, have developed highly effective political operations. This is true of the teachers and nurses, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), the police and firefighters, and the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), which organizes a mixture of public- and private-sector workers.

    In the meantime, the decades-long aggressiveness of private employers in fighting unionization has underscored the urgency of changes in federal law and those officials who enforce it.

    Sen. Chris Dodd, D-Conn., basking over the Labor Day weekend in the endorsement of his long-shot candidacy by the International Association of Fire Fighters, argues that although in the 1980s labor “got sloppy and it was lazy and it didn’t look like it had a lot of energy,” its current leaders have recognized the need for new vigor.

    In a telephone interview, Dodd insisted that labor’s new influence grows primarily from a concern in the heart of the electorate over “a decline in earning power, a tremendous slippage in the middle class.” Labor, he says, “represents organizations that want to fight back and do something about that.”

    It is precisely because economic differences among Democrats are not sharply drawn—despite John Edwards’ strong identification with pro-labor economics—that the unions are splintering in their endorsements, and many of the leading unions may wait to offer their formal backing until later in the contest.

    Already, Hillary Clinton has been endorsed by the Machinists and the United Transportation Union. (Interestingly, the Machinists also endorsed former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee for the Republican nomination.) Edwards has won endorsement from the Carpenters, and union officials say he has strong support among the Communications Workers and the Steelworkers. He also has a large following in UNITE-HERE, which represents many hotel workers in Las Vegas and could play an important role in the early contest in Nevada.

    The situation at AFSCME is revealing because divisions within the union are rooted primarily in affection for local favorites. Larry Scanlon, AFSCME’s political director, notes that the union’s contingents in New York and Illinois are especially powerful politically and are loyal, respectively, to Clinton and Barack Obama. 

    Anna Burger, chair of Change to Win, sees the labor movement in the happy if confusing position of picking among candidates who all see that “unions are the solution, not the problem.” Karen Ackerman, the political director of the AFL-CIO, sees labor’s opening as arising from “a new environment ... coming off the Reagan years and the Bush years and a ‘you’re on your own’ trickle-down philosophy.”

    Thus the paradox on Labor Day 2007: At a moment of organizational weakness, labor’s political influence and ideological appeal may be as strong as at any time since the New Deal. Every Democrat running for president seems to know this.   

    E.J. Dionne’s e-mail address is postchat(at)aol.com.   

    © 2007, Washington Post Writers Group


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By David Macaray, September 8, 2007 at 11:52 pm Link to this comment

Dan Uu Noel:
You’re confusing union “corruption” with union incompetence.  For failing to provide you with the information you requested, you’ve unfairly labeled the AFL-CIO as “corrupt.”  Call them unhelpful, evasive, even dumb, but don’t say they’re “crooked” just because they didn’t help you. 

Any large, bureaucartic entity—-whether it’s the DMV, a college admissions office, a hospital or big-city library—-is going to disappoint you from time to time. It’s the nature of large, bureaucratic entities.

I’ve personally called the NLRB (Los Angeles office) on union business, and gotten the run-around; and I’ve personally called the NLRB (Los Angeles office) on union business, and gotten a direct answer to a direct question.

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By Dan Uu Noel, September 8, 2007 at 9:54 pm Link to this comment

Union corruption is not imaginary. Just a couple of years ago, I bumped into an illegal Mexican who was straddled with tens of thousands of dollars in medical bills because of a severe work injury. Acording to him, his co-workers and he worked in a cramped place filled with safety hazards; and his big error was to trust his employer, who rushed him to the hospital and told him to say that he injured himself with his lawn mower in order to avoid deportation.

It seemed to me that the AFL-CIO would be a good place for advice. They gave me the runaround for a few hours, stopped talking to me at 5, and finally told me the next day that they didn’t care because the man was not a member.

As long as unions care more for the short-term benefits of their members than the needs of the working class, they deserve to go the way of Detroit’s car manufacturers.

Love,

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By David Macaray, September 5, 2007 at 7:15 pm Link to this comment

CJ: You said a lot . . . too much, in my opinion, to respond to in a single posting, so let me just respond to one of your many careless assertions. You call Mexico an “authoritarian regime.”

Just as the U.S. Constitution gives us the right to overthrow our government every two years, Mexico, in theory, has the right to elect whom it chooses.  The fact that we (and Mexico) keep griping about who gets elected, yet continue to reelect the incumbents, does not make us (or Mexico) an “authoritarian regime.”  Indifferent, apathetic, easily led, even neurotic, perhaps, but not authoritarian.

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By CJ, September 5, 2007 at 6:05 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

E.J.‘s great as always, but I wrote this, which I meant to send to Dobbs after he invited guests to decide whether or not he’s right in referring to Communist China as exactly that. I’d rather post this publicly, but whatever people at Truthdig decide. It really is about about the abuse of terms, but also about labor.

For cryin’ out loud, Lou, there’s absolutely nothing about China that is communist, as anyone who’s ever actually read Marx and Engels knows. Same as there wasn’t much communist about the old Soviet system, certainly not after Stalin came on the scene. “Communism,” big “C,” was reduced to an ideology (much as “Democracy,” big “D,” has been) to justify same ole, same ole: political rule by one class over every other. More to the point, OWNERSHIP by one class of means to life for all others.

OF COURSE the Chinese government is just one more authoritarian regime, no matter what it calls itself! Same as Mexico, same as pretty much everywhere. Hannah Arndt was warning of communism but of authoritarianism, as in political-economic tyranny, no matter ideological justification. Hitler’s party was National Socialism, big “S.” Nothing remotely socialist about that one either. Capital flourished under Hitler. Ask IBM.

The Chinese government is an authoritarian regime in control of a thriving capitalism. Capitalism thrives best under political authoritarianism, contrary to the beliefs of idiots who continue to equate capitalism and democracy, mainly as a result of misreading Adam Smith, same as conservatives have always misread Darwin, thereby abusing him too for purposes of ideological justification for what finally amounts to theft of labor-power. Pending mangos grabbed off trees (which requires SOME minimal labor), all commodities are the product of labor, even financial instruments in the end. It’s really not that complicated, mystifying as econometricians try to make the “dismal science,” for one very obvious reason, though not so much out of some conspiracy as out of indoctrination, that really got started when the French Third Estate sold out labor after that revolution. Capitalism involves the theft of labor Period! Simple! Just as Marx wrote it down. Capitalists are terrified of his writing to this day, for fear capital’s heart might be exposed for the utter con it really is.

I’ve most enjoyed “shocked” economists’ and other commentators’ reaction to China, as China has become living proof that economic capitalism and political democracy have little to do with one another. Marx coulda told ‘em that! He DID tell ‘em that, but all are too frightened to listen, or even to read. Big media’s been serving its function too, at least since Walter Lippmann, according to Chomsky, determined that America is really two democracies: one for us, meaning himself and other elites; one for them, meaning laboring masses, of which he too was terrified.

It’s not a damn accident American workers’ wages aren’t rising, but a function of deliberate policy, as America’s elite has picked up where it left off before the Great Depression, when FDR really had to do something (aside from getting us into the war), which happened to result in a substantial middle-class, while the capitalist class hated the guy, referring to him as a damn socialist! He was in some sense! Thankfully. He also saved American capitalists’ butts, which were in some jeopardy along about 1933. We had more guts back than, fewer SUVs.

Your guest (one of Lou’s) was right about China, while you’ve (Lou) been dead wrong. See stats re China’s economic growth for indisputable proof that capitalism thrives best under authoritarianism. If that’s not indication enough, I can’t remember when I ever got a serious say in how my workplace was run. So much for democracy, which, if it doesn’t exist in the workplace, to include sharing of ALL profits among workers and only among workers (if so-called “free markets” are an absolute MUST), isn’t worth spit.

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By David Macaray, September 5, 2007 at 7:34 am Link to this comment

I think Mr. Dionne has confused union “influence” with union “activity.”  Politicians may continue to court the endorsement of organized labor, and service-sector unions may have found new ways to get their message out, but union popularity with the constituency that matters most—the voters(including those in Blue states)—is abysmally low.

Just ask Richard Gephardt.  In 2004, he went into Iowa boasting of having the coveted endorsement of three big-time unions—Steelworkers, Teamsters and Machininsts—but limped out of there a distant fourth, and was forced to withdraw.

If unions were truly “popular” (in the sense that most of us understand that term), more workers—such as the underpaid, under-insured employees of Wal-Mart—would want to join them. 

But they aren’t popular.  They aren’t even “semi-popular.”  In truth, unions have come to be seen, at best, as anachronistic and stagnant, and, at worst, as bullying, money-grubbing parasites.  To a union activist like myself, these circumstances are almost too depressing to contemplate.

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By 911truthdotorg, September 4, 2007 at 8:48 pm Link to this comment

This is not politics…...this is saving this country!! 

You better get your head out of the sand and wake up to what your criminal-in-chief is doing to destroy this country once and for all!!  And it all started with 9/11.

He made a secret deal with Canada and Mexico to merge the three countries (It’s called The North American Union) and create one currency - The Amero. 
No more US dollar.

Please tell EVERYONE you know to start writing everyone!! Google it.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3jdQxDC7pA

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By Inherit The Wind, September 4, 2007 at 6:44 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

The unions saved America from being stolen and need to do so again.  Child labor? Unions banished it in every industry they were successful in. Unsafe working conditions? Meager pay? No retirement? No health care?  It was the unions that changed that.  Without them we had company towns and company housing and company stores.  And company goons to enforce.

Unions changed that.  But they lost sight and Ronald Reagan demonized them during the PATCO strike.  They were “evil” but RR made the skies unsafe, and air travel slow—it has taken over 20 years to recover, but the unions never did.

Without unions we have the WalMart-ing of America—full-time workers fired to be replaced by two half-timers—both ineligible for health insurance. O/T hours deducted so managers can look good. Say “Union” in WalMart and get fired instantly.

And the gap between the rich and the rest of us gets bigger.

Unions need to start over, like they did in the late 19th and early 20th century, rebuilding labor as the business that supplies business and has market power.

Jobs shipped overseas?  Why are we buying that company’s products?  We have no ship-building industry, no electronics industry, a sick car industry, a dying steel industry.  We LOST them!  Japan has even higher labor costs but THEY still have those industries.

Total free-market for everything works no better than total socialism and planned economies.

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By P. T., September 4, 2007 at 4:23 pm Link to this comment

The test is how candidates come down on neo-liberal trade agreements (that is, foreign investment protection agreements).  That is how you can see if corporate campaign contributors are still calling the tune.

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By Trigger finger, September 4, 2007 at 4:08 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

The United States we see now is a result of broken unions.  We have: Corporations running the country. Greedy thieves for CEO’s. Corporations hiring illegals. Corporations telling you to take a flying f??k when you ask for a living wage. No benefits. No future. No security. No vacations. No jobs. No borders. Kinda the same climate that started unions in the first place.

Thank you Ronald Reagan! Thank you Bu$h1. Thank you Clinton. Thank you bu$hit2. Thank you U.S. Congress.

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By hazmaq, September 4, 2007 at 12:26 pm Link to this comment

Corruption was an acceptable part of life, while the money flowed out equally to all.
Unions are somewhat revered now only because low wage and unemployed workers salivate over those higher paying jobs of yesteryear, and hope the unions can perform some kind of magic.

I wanted to give E.J. a bit of trivia he may not have noticed.  Yesterday, Labor Day, almost everyone I know, went to work as usual,  and every store in town was open.

They can’t afford to take a holiday.

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By Truth Seeker, September 4, 2007 at 11:41 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Labors best friend has always been DR.RON PAUL he is being blocked by the msm and his name is known by everyone who wants to level the pay difference of the ceo’s and the workers who earn the ceo their bloated salaries..RON PAUL FOR PRESIDENT

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By Jim Goodson, September 4, 2007 at 8:11 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

The spineless members of all labor unions have gotten what they deserve. They have voted in leaders who are on the take from industrial regimes. They have allowed tax breaks for expansions into states that give corporate welfare for campaign contributions. The only way labor will get any attention is to build a solid front and organize a National Strike, just like they did in Poland recently. If the military-industrial complex does not want to pay a living wage, then let them do their own plumbing. No pay-raises is no answer, just continued poverty.This is from a forced out retired Union member. Age discrimination is rampant in this so called free society. National Strike? No way.  Then are you going to save this Nation for the thieves in Washington

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By DHFabian, September 4, 2007 at 7:33 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Disagree.  For years, all we heard about in the media was corruption (real and imagined) in unions, and how unions no longer represented ordinary workers. We heard about all these deep, dark and sinister things going on, at our expense, using our union dues to enrich a handful of the Big Guys who would sell out the workers at the drop of the proverbial hat. In short, the public was subjected, via mainstream media,  to a very long propaganda campaign against unions.

Meanwhile, Big Business worked relentlessly to not only stamp out current union membership, but to prevent workers from forming unions.  Today, the US is in the lead when it comes to anti-unionizing
measures, from utilizing propaganda to firing those who try to start unions. We see the horrendous results all around us, as worker safety took a back seat to corporate profit, as Americans have had to work much harder for less, under increasingly dangerous working conditions while corporations use their string of record-breaking profits to move our jobs to foreign nations. 

I did hear a share of anti-union talk among regular working people back in the late ‘70’s/‘80’s, but those days are gone.  What we hear now is more and more demand for unions; the reason isn’t greed, but worker safety and job security. Corporations have utterly failed in those areas, showing a pretty shocking level of contempt for American workers.

For years, people were afraid to fight for the right to establish unions, terrified that they would lose their jobs, but that’s disappearing, too.  After all, most have little to lose. So, as always, the pendulum is swinging back to where we were in the early 20th century.  We’ve reached the point where people are dying on the job because corporations don’t wish to be oh-so-burdened with safety regulations, etc. We have unprecedented economic disparities, and conditions for American workers are FAR below those of modern nations. In a nutshell, people increasingly want union protections, and this is worth the price of union dues. Not only is it worth fighting for, but our children’s futures depend on it.

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By KISS, September 4, 2007 at 6:44 am Link to this comment

Union members and corrupt business agents are to blame for the terrible drop in union membership. Members were lazy and had nothing but contempt for paying dues and going to union meetings, unless it was for wage increases. Without large turnouts the officers and bosses had their way to corrupt and use the power of the union. This of course brought on more disdain and the big corporations used this as a wedge to further break the unions. The only unions of significant power are the government and teacher’s unions. I don’t see much power on a national level. In Oregon these 2 unions carry a lot of weight. The CIO-AFL is very weak.As I have said before we now live in a Fascist country: The Fascist Republic of Amerika.

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