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Looking Back on 40 Years of OccupationPosted on Jun 3, 2007
By Chris Hedges Israel captured and occupied the Gaza Strip and the West Bank 40 years ago this week. The victory was celebrated as a great triumph, at once tripling the size of the land under Israeli control, including East Jerusalem. It was, however, a Pyrrhic victory. As the occupation stretched over the decades, it transformed and deformed Israeli society. It led Israel to abandon the norms and practices of a democratic society until, in the name of national security, it began to routinely accept the brutal violence of occupation and open discrimination and abuse of Palestinians, including the torture of prisoners and collective reprisals for Palestinians attacks. Palestinian neighborhoods, olive groves and villages were, in the name of national security, bulldozed into the ground.
“We are raising commanders who are policemen,” former Israeli General Amiram Levine told the newspaper Maariv. “We ask them to excel at the checkpoint. What does it means to excel at the checkpoint? It means being enough of a bastard to delay a pregnant woman from getting to the hospital.” The occupation was benign at the beginning. Israelis crossed into Palestinian territory to buy cheap vegetables, eat at local restaurants, spend the weekend in the desert oasis of Jericho and get their cars fixed. The Palestinians were a pool of cheap labor and by the mid-1980s, 40 percent of the Palestinian workforce was employed in Israel. The Palestinians flowed over the border to the shops and beaches of Tel Aviv. But the second-class status of Palestinians, growing repression by Israeli authorities in the West Bank and Gaza and festering poverty saw Palestinians, most of them too young to remember the moment of occupation, rise up in December 1987 to launch six years of street protests. The uprising eventually led to a peace accord between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization led by Yasir Arafat. Arafat, who had spent most of his life in exile, returned in triumph to Gaza. The Oslo Accords that followed momentarily heralded a new era, a moment of hope. I was in Gaza when they were signed. The Gaza Strip was awash in a giddy optimism. Palestinian businessmen who had made their fortunes abroad returned to help build the new Palestinian state. The radical Islamists seemed to shrink away. Palestinian women threw off their head scarves and beauty salons sprouted on city streets. There was a brief and shining sense that life could be normal, free from strife and violence, that finally Palestinians had a future. But it all swiftly turned sour. The 1995 assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, coupled with mounting draconian restrictions on Palestinians to prevent them from entering Israel and keep them in submission, led to another uprising in 2000. This one, which I also covered for The New York Times, was far more violent. This latest uprising has led to the deaths of more than 4,300 Palestinians and 1,100 Israelis. It ushered in an Israeli policy that saw Jewish settlers relocated from Gaza. Gaza was then sealed off like a vast prison. Israel also began to build a security barrier—at a cost of about $ 1 million per mile—in the West Bank. When it is done, the barrier is expected to incorporate 40 percent of Palestinian land into the Israeli state. Israeli air strikes have, over the past year, decimated the infrastructure in Gaza, destroying bridges, power stations and civilian administration buildings. The breakdown in law and order, coupled with the growing desperation in Gaza, has triggered an internecine conflict between Hamas and Fatah. There are some 200 Palestinians who have died in clashes and street fighting between the two factions during the past year—more than one-third of those killed by Israel during the same period. The Israeli abuses have been well documented, not only by international human rights organizations, but Israeli human rights groups such as B’Tselem. On June 4, 2007, Amnesty International released a new 45-page report called “Enduring Occupation: Palestinians Under Siege in the West Bank,” which again illustrates the devastating impact of four decades of Israeli military occupation. The report documents the relentless expansion of unlawful settlements on occupied land. It details the ways Israel has seized or denied crucial resources, such as water, to Palestinians under occupation. It documents a plethora of measures that confine Palestinians to fragmented enclaves and hinder their access to work, health and education facilities. These measures include the 700-kilometer barrier or wall, more than 500 checkpoints and blockades, and a complicated system of permits to heavily restrict movement. “Palestinians living in the West Bank are blocked at every turn. This is not simply an inconvenience—it can be a matter of life or death. It is unacceptable that women in labor, sick children, or victims of accidents on their way to hospital should be forced to take long detours and face delays which can cost them their lives,” said Malcolm Smart, director of Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Program. “International action is urgently needed to address the widespread human rights abuses being committed under the occupation, and which are fueling resentment and despair among a predominantly young and increasingly radicalized Palestinian population,” said Smart. “For 40 years, the international community has failed to adequately address the Israeli-Palestinian problem; it cannot, must not, wait another 40 years to do so.” Of Gaza’s 1.4 million residents, a staggering 1.1 million now depend on outside food assistance. The World Food Program has identified Gaza as one of the world’s hunger global hot spots. The WFP is a principal food aid provider to Palestinians, providing assistance to 640,000 Palestinians, more than a third of them in Gaza. The desperation—with young men unable to find work, travel outside the Gaza Strip or West Bank and forced to sleep 10 to a room in concrete hovels without running water—has empowered the Islamic radicals. The desperation has led the Palestinian population, once one of the most secular in the Middle East, to turn to radical fundamentalism. The more pressure and violence Israel employs, the more these radicals are empowered. The Israeli lobby in the United States is captive to the far right of Israeli politics. It exerts influence not on behalf of the Jewish state but an ideological strain within Israel that believes it can crush Palestinian aspirations through force. The self-defeating policies of the Bush administration are mirrored in the self-defeating policies championed by the hard-right administration of Prime Minister Ehud Olmert in Jerusalem. Israel flouts international law and dismisses Security Council resolutions to respect the integrity of Palestinian territory. It has instead trapped Palestinians in squalid, barricaded ghettos where they barely survive. It is not in Israel’s interest—or our own—to continue to fuel increased Palestinian strife and rising militancy. Economic sanctions and an arms ban against Israel are our last hope. These were the tools that toppled the apartheid regime in South Africa. And it was, after all, the sanctions imposed by the first President Bush—he suspended $10 billion of loan guarantees for resettling Russian immigrants in Israel—that prodded right-wing Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir to attend peace talks in Madrid. A trade embargo—even if imposed only by European states—would be a start. It is outside pressure that can alone halt the inexorable slide into a conflict that could become regional. And a new regional conflict with Israel could spell the end of the Zionist experiment in the Middle East. It may be quixotic, perhaps even impossible, but it is the last measure left to save Israel from itself. Chris Hedges is a veteran journalist and former Mideast bureau chief for The New York Times. His most recent book is “American Fascists: The Christian Right and the War On America.” Previous item: Satire: Hillary Tries to Fatten Up the Competition Next item: Sentencing for Dummies Elsewhere: . CommentsAre you a Truthdig member yet? Login now, or register with Truthdig.
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By Morgan Law, August 29, 2007 at 2:34 am # ATTENTION !!!
By Peter RV, June 16, 2007 at 10:54 am # Ref.#78505 by Inherit the Wind.
By Inherit The Wind, June 16, 2007 at 4:17 am # TW, I guess we’re back to you and your buddies “knowing” that everything Jews do, especially Israelis, is automatically evil, and nothing the wonderful, peaceful Arabs do ever is, and is always justified. Like the 19 assholes who took over 4 airlines on 9/11 and killed nearly 3,000 people. I guess they were justified, too, and it’s just another piece of Israeli propaganda. Like the crap put up on Al Jazeera that it was really the Jews who were behind it and all of them were notified to get out of the WTC that day? (death lists prove that wrong). I cannot believe that people with brains can watch the Palestinians slaughtering each other and STILL blame all their atrocities and problems on ... those evil Jews, oops “Zionists” (chortle). I don’t object to legitimate criticism of Israel, and there sure is plenty they deserve, but the clear-cut anti-semitism “the answer to all our problems is to drive all the Jews out of Israel” is garbage. It’s not fair to Israelis, and it’s not fair to Palestinians either because it replaces reality and real solutions with ideal fantasies. Diplomacy is the art of the possible. I’m going on vacation this afternoon, and am taking the opportunity to abandon this thread to the virulent bigots, sorry “Zionist"-haters (LOL). It seems Mr. Scheer is a big believer that all the answers to the Middle East’s problems are due to Israel and her ceasing to exist will magically solve them. Like the kids say: “As if!” They’ll go right on killing each other until they create secular societies and secular and democratic governments. In case you hadn’t noticed, thats a HUMAN failing,not simply an Arab one.
By Inherit The Wind, June 15, 2007 at 8:10 pm # “ Yes, I had watched it before, but ITW’s response threw me off and I had to watch it again. The video begins with the occupation. It does not go into the war or the events preceding it. So I thought ITW’s response was off target. As a description of the occupation itself, it looks perfectly reasonable to me. It is true that there is an Arab version of events which tells a different story, and I have never been inclined to believe it. It does sound like propaganda to me as ITW says. Since neither you nor the video were asserting the Arab version of events, I don’t see what ITW is objecting to. Perhaps it is that we don’t see the context; that the occupation was the result of Arab aggression. You say that the official version of the 67 war is propaanda. What then is your version? “ Bravo, TW! I don’t want or expect you to agree with me--I just want you to think--and QUESTION! I don’t believe the Israeli rule has been a Garden of Eden either. I think terrible mistakes and even atrocities were committed--what Ariel Sharon did in Lebanon in the early 80’s should have brought him before The Hague. The Utra-right wingers in Israel have driven moderate and fanatical Palestinians to hate Israel. Likewise, the terrorist actions of Al Fatah and Hamas have driven liberal and moderate Israelis together with the extreme right-wing wackos. It has happened to both sides out of fear, pure, naked terror for themselves and their families. As George W. Bush here has manipulated our fear and terror, so have the leaders there. You know that at one point people in Wyoming were terrified they were going to be attacked? And that Bush was spending 5x per person MORE there than in New York, which WAS attacked? The one thing, TW, you’ve been batting around but never connected on is that word: Fear. Both sides are so afraid of the other’s brutality that they cannot find a way out of it. Of course, President Mental Midget the Chimpster stalled far too long and did far too little to solve anything. Perhaps what we all suffer from at this time, Americans, Israelis and Palestinians, is TOTALLY INCOMPETENT leadership.
By Inherit The Wind, June 15, 2007 at 4:16 am # TW: You seem reasonable enough: You remember the 1967 war the way I do. But this absurd argument (not made by you) that the war didn’t come about with Nasser’s move to obliterate Israel, that it’s another Tonkin Gulf, is ridiculous, and nothing but Arab propaganda and an attempt to re-writehistory for the most humiliating defeat since Britain sank the Spanish Armada. It’s more like Holocaust denial or claiming the moon landings were faked in Hollywood. TW: “Who you gonna believe? Me or your own eyes?” There’s also a logical path--follow the hypothesis through to all the implications (that there was no attack massing, that Nasser wasn’t threatening destruction, etc.) and it becomes totally illogical and insane--and in 1967 the Israelis under Golda Meir were anything but insane. It also means that Anwar Sadat had to be part of the conspiracy to hide “the truth” that lead to peace between Israel and Egypt. Then follow the null hypothesis, that the history of the war is pretty much what we remember. Behaviors and events make sense. Like the FACT that Israel has given back fully 95% of the territory she captured in 1967. There are those who could argue that the rain on your head was really liquid sunshine. You have enough brains to figure it out for yourself. The incentive on the Arab side to re-writethe history of the 1967 war is HUGE. Because, if, as I assert, the essential facts are as I’ve said, then Israel had every RIGHT to seize enemy territory, to disarm it, and to create buffers, and to give it back on its own terms. But if, somehow, the idea that Israel was threatened and threatened with destruction and the genocide of her people can be challenged (like the Holocaust) then Israel loses the moral high ground. Yet if that was so, she would have had NO incentive to cede Sinai and Gaza and much of the West Bank. Instead, whole-scale eviction of the Arabs would have occured but didn’t. It’s been done before: Stalin literally moved 1/3 of Poland west, taking that eastern 3rd for Russia and replacing it with German territory. Gdansk, the Polish city were Solidarity began was Danzig, a German city, until 1945. Nobody said anything. Yet Israel did not take that action. And that fact alone contradicts the 67 War deniers and proves it to be a total lie.
By Peter RV, June 15, 2007 at 3:04 am # Ref.#78229 by Robert
By Inherit The Wind, June 14, 2007 at 7:59 pm # Ernest Canning on 6/14 at 7:47 pm ITW: I don’t want to burst your bubble but the tale that Arab armies were gathering, getting ready to strike, so Israel struck pre-emptively is a piece of propaganda that ranks up there with Bush’s claim that we had no choice but to invade Iraq before the smoking WMD gun became a mushroom cloud. ******************************* Now we come to it: You are in true-blue tin-foil hat and Holocaust-denial mode. I suppose those 80,000 Egyptian troops were just on the Israeli border with the local Welcome Wagon. And the 40,000 Syrians to the North were delivering singing telegrams. You have burst my bubble. I thought there was a shred of hope that you actually a real, factual argument. Instead, you have the Arab version of Holocaust-denial. Sorry, pal. I’m old enough to remember that war, to remember Nasser posturing before their collapse that he was going to drive the Jews into the sea as he was massing his forces. I remember him creating the United Arab Republic to try to create a unified force to destroy Israel, and then swoop on the long-dreamed-of Caliphate. And I remember it all exploding like a house of cards. I also remember where to find the NYTimes records and microfilm. What are you, Chico Marx? “Who you gonna believe: Me or your own eyes?” I believe my own eyes and my own memory. Since you aren’t capable of serious discussion (unlike TW and , occasionally Robert and even Billy The Dik), we are done. You will rant and rave and call me names, hurl accusations, and claim I have no facts, yada, yada, yada, and I will ignore it. Better and smarter men than you have tried and failed. |
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