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Looking Back on 40 Years of OccupationPosted on Jun 3, 2007
By Chris Hedges Israel captured and occupied the Gaza Strip and the West Bank 40 years ago this week. The victory was celebrated as a great triumph, at once tripling the size of the land under Israeli control, including East Jerusalem. It was, however, a Pyrrhic victory. As the occupation stretched over the decades, it transformed and deformed Israeli society. It led Israel to abandon the norms and practices of a democratic society until, in the name of national security, it began to routinely accept the brutal violence of occupation and open discrimination and abuse of Palestinians, including the torture of prisoners and collective reprisals for Palestinians attacks. Palestinian neighborhoods, olive groves and villages were, in the name of national security, bulldozed into the ground.
“We are raising commanders who are policemen,” former Israeli General Amiram Levine told the newspaper Maariv. “We ask them to excel at the checkpoint. What does it means to excel at the checkpoint? It means being enough of a bastard to delay a pregnant woman from getting to the hospital.” The occupation was benign at the beginning. Israelis crossed into Palestinian territory to buy cheap vegetables, eat at local restaurants, spend the weekend in the desert oasis of Jericho and get their cars fixed. The Palestinians were a pool of cheap labor and by the mid-1980s, 40 percent of the Palestinian workforce was employed in Israel. The Palestinians flowed over the border to the shops and beaches of Tel Aviv. But the second-class status of Palestinians, growing repression by Israeli authorities in the West Bank and Gaza and festering poverty saw Palestinians, most of them too young to remember the moment of occupation, rise up in December 1987 to launch six years of street protests. The uprising eventually led to a peace accord between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization led by Yasir Arafat. Arafat, who had spent most of his life in exile, returned in triumph to Gaza. The Oslo Accords that followed momentarily heralded a new era, a moment of hope. I was in Gaza when they were signed. The Gaza Strip was awash in a giddy optimism. Palestinian businessmen who had made their fortunes abroad returned to help build the new Palestinian state. The radical Islamists seemed to shrink away. Palestinian women threw off their head scarves and beauty salons sprouted on city streets. There was a brief and shining sense that life could be normal, free from strife and violence, that finally Palestinians had a future. But it all swiftly turned sour. The 1995 assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, coupled with mounting draconian restrictions on Palestinians to prevent them from entering Israel and keep them in submission, led to another uprising in 2000. This one, which I also covered for The New York Times, was far more violent. This latest uprising has led to the deaths of more than 4,300 Palestinians and 1,100 Israelis. It ushered in an Israeli policy that saw Jewish settlers relocated from Gaza. Gaza was then sealed off like a vast prison. Israel also began to build a security barrier—at a cost of about $ 1 million per mile—in the West Bank. When it is done, the barrier is expected to incorporate 40 percent of Palestinian land into the Israeli state. Israeli air strikes have, over the past year, decimated the infrastructure in Gaza, destroying bridges, power stations and civilian administration buildings. The breakdown in law and order, coupled with the growing desperation in Gaza, has triggered an internecine conflict between Hamas and Fatah. There are some 200 Palestinians who have died in clashes and street fighting between the two factions during the past year—more than one-third of those killed by Israel during the same period. The Israeli abuses have been well documented, not only by international human rights organizations, but Israeli human rights groups such as B’Tselem. On June 4, 2007, Amnesty International released a new 45-page report called “Enduring Occupation: Palestinians Under Siege in the West Bank,” which again illustrates the devastating impact of four decades of Israeli military occupation. The report documents the relentless expansion of unlawful settlements on occupied land. It details the ways Israel has seized or denied crucial resources, such as water, to Palestinians under occupation. It documents a plethora of measures that confine Palestinians to fragmented enclaves and hinder their access to work, health and education facilities. These measures include the 700-kilometer barrier or wall, more than 500 checkpoints and blockades, and a complicated system of permits to heavily restrict movement. “Palestinians living in the West Bank are blocked at every turn. This is not simply an inconvenience—it can be a matter of life or death. It is unacceptable that women in labor, sick children, or victims of accidents on their way to hospital should be forced to take long detours and face delays which can cost them their lives,” said Malcolm Smart, director of Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Program. “International action is urgently needed to address the widespread human rights abuses being committed under the occupation, and which are fueling resentment and despair among a predominantly young and increasingly radicalized Palestinian population,” said Smart. “For 40 years, the international community has failed to adequately address the Israeli-Palestinian problem; it cannot, must not, wait another 40 years to do so.” Of Gaza’s 1.4 million residents, a staggering 1.1 million now depend on outside food assistance. The World Food Program has identified Gaza as one of the world’s hunger global hot spots. The WFP is a principal food aid provider to Palestinians, providing assistance to 640,000 Palestinians, more than a third of them in Gaza. The desperation—with young men unable to find work, travel outside the Gaza Strip or West Bank and forced to sleep 10 to a room in concrete hovels without running water—has empowered the Islamic radicals. The desperation has led the Palestinian population, once one of the most secular in the Middle East, to turn to radical fundamentalism. The more pressure and violence Israel employs, the more these radicals are empowered. The Israeli lobby in the United States is captive to the far right of Israeli politics. It exerts influence not on behalf of the Jewish state but an ideological strain within Israel that believes it can crush Palestinian aspirations through force. The self-defeating policies of the Bush administration are mirrored in the self-defeating policies championed by the hard-right administration of Prime Minister Ehud Olmert in Jerusalem. Israel flouts international law and dismisses Security Council resolutions to respect the integrity of Palestinian territory. It has instead trapped Palestinians in squalid, barricaded ghettos where they barely survive. It is not in Israel’s interest—or our own—to continue to fuel increased Palestinian strife and rising militancy. Economic sanctions and an arms ban against Israel are our last hope. These were the tools that toppled the apartheid regime in South Africa. And it was, after all, the sanctions imposed by the first President Bush—he suspended $10 billion of loan guarantees for resettling Russian immigrants in Israel—that prodded right-wing Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir to attend peace talks in Madrid. A trade embargo—even if imposed only by European states—would be a start. It is outside pressure that can alone halt the inexorable slide into a conflict that could become regional. And a new regional conflict with Israel could spell the end of the Zionist experiment in the Middle East. It may be quixotic, perhaps even impossible, but it is the last measure left to save Israel from itself. Chris Hedges is a veteran journalist and former Mideast bureau chief for The New York Times. His most recent book is “American Fascists: The Christian Right and the War On America.” Previous item: Satire: Hillary Tries to Fatten Up the Competition Next item: Sentencing for Dummies Elsewhere: . CommentsAre you a Truthdig member yet? Login now, or register with Truthdig.
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By Peter RV, June 10, 2007 at 2:11 pm # Ref.#76785 by Robert Robert,
By Peter RV, June 10, 2007 at 1:56 am # Ref.#76735 by Inherit the Wind.
By Inherit The Wind, June 9, 2007 at 7:32 pm # Peter RV: You have exactly the same mentality as the KKK and the American Nazi Party. “Zionists buying up all the politicians” “Vast Zionist conspiracy” Facts mean nothing to you. I pity you.
By Peter RV, June 9, 2007 at 3:14 pm # Ref.#76555 by Inherit the Wind
By Inherit The Wind, June 9, 2007 at 3:12 pm # “They are NOT on the side of the BRUTAL, RACISM, APARTHEID ideologies of Zionism of Ariel Sharon, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Olmert, Yitzhak Shamir, Menahem Begin,” Robert, you may not believe this, but I happen to be very against these very same men. But there’s a BIG difference between being opposed to the dangerous and idiotic policies of Benjamin “What-a-YAHOO” and opposing the existence of the state of Israel. Ariel Sharon has been a loose cannon for 25 years--only as PM did he finally show some (if not a lot) of sense. So how do you feel about the late Yitzach Rabin or Shimon Peres? Or Ehud Barack? Rabin was murdered by a believer in Netanyahu’s policies, and opposed to Rabin’s very real shot at achieving true and lasting peace. I guess the question I’m asking is: Is your opposition the right wing and Likud that have dominated and WARPED Israeli politics, or is it to the whole state of Israel as an entity? I agree with the first--they’ve screwed things up as badly as if George W. Bush was their leader and, claiming religion have been incredibly stupid and sinful. But I don’t agree with the second. Israel has a right to exist if Syria, Yemen, Libya and Saudi Arabia have the right to exist.
By Inherit The Wind, June 9, 2007 at 4:08 am # Mr. Barton: They don’t give a rat’s ass that Saudi Arabia and Syria regularly make the “top ten” of repressive dictatorships. They don’t give a rat’s ass that in most of the 22 Arab nations the right of self-determination is denied to everyone who isn’t Arab and Moslem. They don’t give a rat’s ass that in those 22 nations only one religion can be practiced, Islam, and that any other religion gets persecuted by modern Torquemadas. They don’t give a rat’s ass that even Arab Moslems get persecuted just as much if they are the “wrong” Moslems--Shi’ites in a Sunni-run nation. They don’t give rat’s ass that we have spent two and a half times more money in 4 years in Iraq than in 60 years in Israel. They don’t give a rat’s ass that their conspiracy theory, that Zionist Jews control and pull the puppet strings in Washington, makes no fucking sense because The Bush Family is SO close to the Saudi Royal Family that Prince Bandar is called Bandar Bush--and that the Saudis HATE Israel. They don’t give a rat’s ass that there’s NO WAY there’s enough wealth in Israel to offset the lobbying efforts of the rich Oil states. They don’t give a rat’s ass that China has the USA completely by the balls (thanks to Reagan and the Bushs) and China despises Israel. That all China has to do is float their currency and the US tumbles into a cataclysmic depression. No, they don’t give a rat’s ass about any of these facts that discredits their age-old “International Jewish Conspiracy” theory, updated to use “Zionism” as the code word for Jews. Remember the characters Timon and Simba in the Lion King? These anti-semitic bigots would have you all thinking that Timon the meerkat rules and dominates Simba the Lion King. Why? Well, at least Fadel is honest. He’s a Palestinian nationalist who wants to see Israel destroyed and replaced with yet another Arab Moslem dictatorship. And I think TW is simply naive with a Utopian dream that defies and denies all factual evidence that it would result in a blood bath. But the others? They are just the usual maggots who appear every half-century or so claiming all the world’s ills will vanish by the simple solution of slaughtering all the Evil Jews. But this time there’s a nuclear-equipped nation to prevent that happening. It’s a growing, dynamic modern economy constantly filling with educated entrepreneurs, and with the best-trained and best-equipped military in the region, and one of the best in the world.
By Peter RV, June 9, 2007 at 4:06 am # Ref.#76527 by Robert.
By Chatles Barton, June 9, 2007 at 12:17 am # Norman Finkelstein was denied tenure at DePaul University because of his vitriolic attacks on his critics. The anti-Zionist here are engaged in the same sort of vicious attack on the defenders of Israel: “Dershowitz, for instance, is a proven fraud and neo-Zionist apologist,” “Their sick attempts with their juvenile heckling/tauting & sly methods are not going to work on the people who care for the TRUTH & equal rights for all people.” “these infected zionists got brainwashed” “ALL THEY WANT TO DO IS MOAN ,GROAN AND CRY “ANTISEMITISM” WITH THE HOPE THAT WE WILL JUST GO AWAY.” “this forum’s “fanatic zionist gang’s”” “ceaseless diatribes posted by Truthdig’s resident Zionists” “Ill-lie-mamzie...you have been frothing at the mouth & bragging about your Apartheid zionist Israel for the past several weeks. All what we can see out of all your hysterical propaganda is stenchy garbage. Your Israel cannot survive without the billions of dollars & all other aid that comes from the American taxpayers. We can’t see your abscessed head out of all that garbage that you are standing in! Hit that dusty trail…” We are clearly not dealing with rational people, who are conducting a detached search for truth within the context of a rational dialogue. What we have on the anti-Zionist side is an endless fanatic hate for Israel and for any Jew who defends or supports Israel. The anti-Zionist wish to deamonize Israel and its defenders. They vent endless and limitless rage. To hear the anti-Zionist tell it nothing is more evil than Israel, which is governed by people who engage in an endless stream of the most wicked, evil acts ever perpetrated by one group od people against another. Never mind the fact that hundreds of thousands of Sudanese have been murdered during the last decade, or the tens of thousands of Shiites, killed by Sunnis and the tens of thousands of Sunnis killed by Shiites in Iraq. Never mind the murders of thousands of Hindues by Muslims in India, or the murders of hundreds of Buddhists by Muslims in Southern Thailand. Israel is fare more evil than anything else. Israel is singularly and utterly evil, and those who support it are wicked beyond belief. The defenders of Israel are incapable of reason. Nothing they have to say is worthy of the slightest attention. What is most shocking us that these hate driven rants, appear on a web-site called “Truthdig.” What you are digging for ladies and gentlemen is not truth, it is a vent for you otherwise free floating hate. |
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