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DIG DIRECTOR
Nir Rosen is a fellow at the New America Foundation and a free-lance writer. His book on postwar Iraq, "In the Belly of the Green Bird: The Triumph of the Martyrs in Iraq" was published by Free Press in May 2006.
His articles from Iraq and elsewhere are available on www.nirrosen.com. |
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The Many Faces of Abu Musab al ZarqawiA Dig led by Nir Rosen(Page 5) Zarqawi reserved special hatred for the Jordanian monarchy and security forces. He sought to de-legitimize the Hashemite kingdom and its claim to power based on its descent from the Prophet Mohammed. It was true, he said, that King Abdullah was a relative of the Prophet, but he was a descendant through Abu Lahab, the Prophet’s uncle who fought against him. Zarqawi’s increasing radicalism in relation to Jordan culminated on Nov. 9, 2005, when he dispatched four Iraqi suicide bombers to Amman—three of whom succeeded in detonating their deadly vests in as many hotels, killing 60 and injuring 100. It was Zarqawi’s third successful attack in Jordan. Dubbed by Jordanians “our 9/11,” almost all the victims were Jordanians. Zarqawi’s attack divided Jordanians: Many clung to the belief that it was the Israeli Mossad that was responsible; others believed there were indeed Israeli spies in the hotels Zarqawi had targeted. But in truth, Zarqawi’s actions had for some time been proving too much even for the most radical to stomach—including his former mentor, Maqdasi. The ideologue of the jihadist movement had been re-arrested after his release from prison in 1999 and had spent most of the time since then behind bars. And although imprisoned, he continued his writings. In July 2004, his website contained an article that condemned Zarqawi’s favored tactics—like roadside bombs and firing mortars—because they inadvertently killed Muslims. Jihadi hands had to be clean and free of innocent blood, Maqdasi wrote, adding that Muslims who worked for the infidels should not be killed unless they helped the infidels harm Muslims. He further warned Zarqawi not to attack churches because it would encourage infidels to fight Muslims. In July of 2005 Maqdasi was again released from prison and was permitted by Jordanian authorities to give interviews to the press. Maqdasi said that although he still believed in the takfir (declaration that somebody is an infidel) against Shias, he disagreed with Zarqawi that all Shias were infidels, arguing instead that only ignorant Shias were infidels. Though Maqdasi condoned the killing of Muslims, he said that Zarqawi had gone too far. Maqdasi himself did not get very far: Jordanian authorities re-arrested him in the middle of an interview he was giving to Al Jazeera.
In criticizing Zarqawi’s methods, Maqdasi had been trying to divert blame from the ideology itself, and to cast doubt upon Zarqawi’s ability to lead the jihad. He also maintained that operations in Jordan should be limited to proselytizing. “I chose to stay in the country to handle the proselytizing that we began and I hope to move it west across the river; there I have hopes and ambitions,” Maqdasi wrote in correspondence to Zarqawi posted on Maqdasi’s website. It wasn’t only the followers of Maqdasi who opposed Zarqawi’s aims and tactics. He also had a rocky relationship with Iraq’s diverse resistance and insurgent groups. Iraqi Sunnis condemned his declaration of war on Shias, and feared the civil war he finally succeeded in provoking. His fighters often clashed with indigenous Iraqi fighters—who formed the majority of the anti-occupation resistance—because Zarqawi’s men established reigns of Taliban-like terror in villages they took over. Also, most of Iraq’s Sunnis wanted only to regain some political power in Iraq—unlike Zarqawi, who was fighting the entire world. In the end, Iraq’s Sunnis wanted a stable Iraq, but under their control. Nor were they interested in Zarqawi’s puritan ideology. It was probably disgruntled Iraqi Sunnis who provided the tip that cost Zarqawi his life. Only this week, a couple of days before his death, Zarqawi’s fighters had clashed with fighters belonging to the 1920 Revolution Brigades, an Iraqi group affiliated with the Association of Muslim Scholars of Iraq. It was comical when the Americans released Zarqawi video outtakes that showed him for fumbling with a machine gun. Having inflated Zarqawi’s reputation for their own pro-war propaganda ends, the Americans were now trying to deflate it in order to downplay the strength of the resistance. But it was too late. Jihadis were not going to trust the Americans. Zarqawi had proved how good he was at killing Americans and Shias and evading capture. Whether he was proficient in using a particular machine gun was besides the point; he was very good with bombs, with knives, and certainly successful with his strategy. Zarqawi’s death was the greatest advertisement for his cause. He had already succeeded in provoking the civil war, the final spark being the Feb. 22 bombing of the Shia Askari Shrine in Samarra, north of Baghdad. Zarqawi sought martyrdom and direct entry to paradise by fighting the infidels in Iraq. And in the eyes of his supporters, he succeeded—proving to aspiring jihadis around the world that Iraq is the place to go to if you want to enter paradise as a martyr slain by the infidels. The US ambassador to Iraq hailed Zarqawi’s death as a “good omen,” which sounds rather weak, if the best the U.S. can come up with in Iraq are omens. Perhaps they will say it’s another “turning point” or a “milestone”—because we haven’t had enough of those since the occupation began. Perhaps we have “turned the corner,” in Iraq, which, after the thousand corners claimed turned by the Americans, makes for an interesting geometrical structure. Perhaps this will “break the back of the insurgency”? No, it is not even a good omen, it is an ominous omen. It was pathetic to see the American empire expressing glee at the death of one man, the leader of a gang of criminals and thugs, an image of his head at peace, eyes closed, curly hair and beard, like John the Baptist’s severed head, displayed before the world, much as Saddam and his dead sons had been paraded before the world. More will come to replace Zarqawi and avenge his death. Iraq’s Shias will be blamed for Zarqawi’s death, and Shias in the region—perhaps even in Saudi Arabia, or in Lebanon, where sectarian tensions are rising—will find themselves targets of violence. Expect a new group, calling itself the Zarqawi Brigades (or battalions, or army), to claim responsibility for some major attacks on Shia targets. Far from putting an end to the Iraqi insurgency, Zarqawi’s death will most likely prolong it.
His articles from Iraq and elsewhere are available on www.nirrosen.com Dig last updated on Jun. 10, 2006Advertisement
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By clxgid, November 5, 2008 at 1:31 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I am going to recommend to others the reading of this article , it appears to have many facts and interesting analysis which should be considered when judging the conflicts in the Middle East . Indeed , “if Americans only knew” .
Report thisBy Islamud-din, September 2, 2007 at 4:16 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
yur are the best muxhahid Ebu musab al zarkavi rihimullah.. strong men .., Lowe you for the snake of Allah Fisabillilah , hope to meet you in jannah Aminn
Report thisBy Shenonymous, June 7, 2007 at 10:26 am #
Lefty, your eyesight is very good! Nevertheless, the world didn’t really need Zarqawi and doesn’t need bin Laden, who should have been exterminated over four years ago!
Report thisBy jordan walker, May 9, 2007 at 2:34 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
i really think that genocide is wrong and that al zarqawi needed to die
Report thisBy Ken Dryden, February 27, 2007 at 5:29 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I’ve also enjoyed the article for what Felicity in the first comment calls the author’s commenting on the great complexity & competing multi-facetedness of the insurgency in Irag, noting Zarqawi’s somewhat minor role in it, despite what certain media outlets and government spokespeople would have one believe.
Report thisBy morgan-lynn lamberth, February 12, 2007 at 4:21 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Thomas Cooper plagiarizes my points, it seems, or else another great mind!Read Bishop Spong’s"Why Christianity must change or die,p152.As the song says , he is almost persuaded- to be an atheist!
Report thisBy Thoasm Cooper, February 11, 2007 at 4:17 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Turning the other cheek can lead to more violence. Forget Yeshua’s worthless words and use common sense. The god of the New Fables-Yeshua - is the Yahwe of the Old Fables. We rationalists use the morality Michael Shermer des cribes in “The Science of Good and Evil.” Ghandi and King did not go against such evil. Errantists just gloss over the n onsense of their Fables.
Report thisBy Naturally Abrasive, June 26, 2006 at 6:36 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Let’s congratulate ourselves… We are winning the war that Iran could not on Iran’s behalf.
Report thisToo bad we’ll never benefit from it. My heart goes out to the families of those young soldiers (many not old enough to drink) who died in Bush’s crusade.
By Henry James, June 18, 2006 at 1:21 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
2006-06-15 George Will on Zarqawi’s death
Report thisBy Bob Who, June 13, 2006 at 11:47 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Look at his eyebrows how high they are the other 22 picture eyebrows closer to the eyes !!
Report thismy 6 cents ?>:”
By FreeDem, June 12, 2006 at 7:45 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Simple populatioin dynamics will force a decision, either a secular state, or an increasingly harsh religious one. If the latter there is only one possible “Final solution” either wholesale or in drawn out bits. Otherwise oppressed angry people will continue to strap on bombs.
If you blame all people who did not strap on the bombs for those who did, you create your own enemy faster than they destroy themselves. The Isrealies suffer from the thoughtlessness of their founders and have no honorable solution to their problem. Acting on religious beliefs, regardless of religion, can have that effect. As Americans in Iraq, are finding also.
_on Topic_ great article, I would like to see more detail of the realities of the situation there. The complexities have grown more important in the last few years, and no solution can be discovered untill they are understood.
Report thisBy Voltaire, June 12, 2006 at 2:32 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
http://mp3.rbnlive.com/Tarpley/0606/20060610_Sat_Tarpley2.mp3
I was listening to Ralph Shoneman on Tarpley’s World Crisis radio. He cited some source that said that Zarqawi was already dead in 2004. Also the video that showed “Zarqawi” executing Nick Berg revealed a man wearing US issue army boots and a gold jewelry. In the Middle East only women wear gold jewelry. On top of that, Zarqawi’s death photo shows a remarkably whole corpse. The US media said that two 500 pound bombs were dropped on Zarqawi’s house. Don’t you think the corpse would look like a crispy coal after that? With people like Gore Vidal on board, I would think Truth Dig could be more skeptical.
Report thisBy Lefty, June 11, 2006 at 11:15 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Comment #11526 by July Canute on 6/11 at 6:01 am
“The actual terrorists on this planet are George Bush and the vile Jewish zionist neo-cons like Bill Kristol and Olmert Emud. It is shocking and uncivilized to plaster those photos on your website. This man is a creation of a zionist holocaust and people who have stolen the White House. . . .”
Did you mean Ehud Olmert? I would agree that there is probably no bigger fool in the world than a right wing Jew. And yes, BushCo are fascists, liars, crooks, torturers and murderers. But to even utter the term “zionist holocaust” is beyond outrageous. It’s absurd! The holocaust was an attempted extermination of the entire Jewish population of the world. Zionists haven’t tried, nor would they ever try, to exterminate anyone. Self defense against people who strap bombs to themselves and blow themselves up in order to target innocent civilians is not even murder, much less a holocaust.
Report thisBy Lefty, June 11, 2006 at 3:19 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Comment #11512 by G-Delic on 6/10 at 6:16 pm
“I agree with everything above but the Fundamentalist Christian part. I think by stereotyping a group people rather then individual opinions, its just trying to futher perpetuate the blame game. This is not a Fundamentalist Christian crusade of revenge against Muslim Terrorists. I find myself on many occasions similarly saying why do Muslims do all the terrorist acts, beheadings, suicide bombings? . . .”
Fundamentalist Christians have a long history (including very recent history) and tradition of as bad or worse.
Report thisBy William Day, June 11, 2006 at 2:52 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Let me say first that getting rid of the likes of this man is welcome news! But, let me be cynical for a moment; two 500 lb bombs, both making a direct hit on the house, and leaving total demolition of the house and a multi-yard crater below the house and he lived through it? And the body was retrieved totally intact? Hmmmmmm glad he’s gone, but it leaves a lot of questions unanswered at best!
Report thisBy Snobar, June 11, 2006 at 10:18 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
It’s a bliss for an old journalist to read such well researched and balanced pieces as this. My only sorrow is that it probably will be read by too few, and definitively not by the ones who ought to…
But let me also turn your attention to another piece of journalism which may shed some light on the relationship between Zarqawi and the Bush administration. Greg Palast wrote it, and you may read it if you click on my signature.
Report thisBy July Canute, June 11, 2006 at 9:01 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
The actual terrorists on this planet are George Bush and the vile Jewish zionist neo-cons like Bill Kristol and Olmert Emud. It is shocking and uncivilized to plaster those photos on your website. This man is a creation of a zionist holocaust and people who have stolen the White House.
Why don’t you plaster photos of America on this page. Ask not for whom the bell tolls because it tolls for US.
Report thisBy Tony Waters, June 11, 2006 at 12:04 am #
(Unregistered commenter)
Let me get this straight:
1. Zarqawi was betrayed by someone(s) close to him.
2. Quite possibly, the betrayal was orchestrated by Bin Laden.
3. The U.S. offered a $25 million reward for information leading to…
4. If they pay it, will the U.S. be funding Bin Laden again?
Report thisBy Lefty, June 10, 2006 at 10:00 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I don’t see much difference between fundamentalist christians and fundamentalist muslims.
Report thisBy G-Delic, June 10, 2006 at 9:16 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I agree with everything above but the “Fundamentalist Christian” part. I think by stereotyping a group people rather then individual opinions, it’s just trying to futher perpetuate the blame game. This is not a Fundamentalist Christian crusade of revenge against Muslim Terrorists. I find myself on many occasions similarly saying why do Muslims do all the terrorist acts, beheadings, suicide bombings? And it’s the easiest that way to rationalize the terrible events so that I can justify why the things that are happening are. But I have to actively fight the thoughts that are so motivated by anger from injustice and remember that when we remove the political, ethnic, and cultural facades, we’re all human beings.
We have families we love dearly, we feel hurt, we feel pain, as well as happiness and laughter. At the core we are unique individuals and that’s how we ought to treat each other.
Report thisBy Tony Wicher, June 10, 2006 at 9:07 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
“It took further public relations efforts by the United States to transform Zarqawi into who he became.” And what did he become? A one-year wonder, conscious of the fame conferred upon him by American procaganda, who ended up making a Jihadi’s Funniest Home Video, starring him as a fat clown, and getting righteously blown away, for which even bin Laden and Zawahiri can be happy along with the rest of us, except his family and Michael Berg, I suppose. No, wait! News flash! His family IS happy now that he is with his 72 virgins, so that leaves only Michel Berg.
Report thisBy Joseph Urban, June 10, 2006 at 9:02 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
I’ve also enjoyed the article for what Felicity in the first comment calls the author’s commenting on the great complexity & competing multi-facetedness of the insurgency in Irag, noting Zarqawi’s somewhat minor role in it, despite what certain media outlets and government spokespeople would have one believe.
Looking forward to reading Mr. Rosen’s newly published book, In the Belly of the Green Bird.
Joseph Urban
Report thisBy Chris Golson, June 10, 2006 at 8:03 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Good article and excellent background information.
Wasn’t he also the individual who beheaded Americans on video and broadcast this on the internet?
Report thisIf not, then this should be corrected in the backgrounder. But if so, it certainly is a measure of the man’s brutality- exactly something which should be passed over.
What am I missing here?
By Darrel King, June 10, 2006 at 7:29 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Hi Mr Rosen,
Thank you so much for your story. I thought it was very interesting and well written.
It’s great to know how everything unfolded and as you said America helped make him what he was or gave him his power at first.
I will pass your story on to some of my friends because everyone should read it.
Good luck in your future writings.
Darrel King
Report thisBy Morgan-LynnLamberth, June 10, 2006 at 6:12 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Turning the other cheek ,could lead to death.To give the robber more is just plain dumb.Errantists read into Yeshua.s nonsense what they will.And Yeshua was Yahwe of the Deluge and the plagues and all that genocide. Subscribe to the rational moralilty of Michael Shermers’s ’” The Science of Good and Evil.” Ghandi and King did not face a Hitler or a Pol Pot. Peter Beinart knows rational liberalism. Arthur Caplan and Paul Kurtz also know rational morality.
Report thisBy Morgan-LynnLamberth, June 10, 2006 at 6:00 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Turning the other cheek can lead to more violence. Forget Yeshua’s worthless words and use common sense .[Who gives the robber more?] The god of the New Fables-Yeshua - is the Yahwe of the Old Fables. We rationalists use the morality Michael Shermer des cribes in “The Science of Good and Evil.” Ghandi and King did not go against such evil. Errantists just gloss over the n onsense of their Fables.
Report thisBy Quy Tran, June 10, 2006 at 5:57 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Thanks to Zarqawi’s cadaver Bush’s ratings have been drastically improved from -0 to +0. Congratulations !
Report thisBy Morgan-LynnLamberth, June 10, 2006 at 5:15 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Turning the other cheek can lead to more violence. Forget Yeshua’s worthless words and use common sense .[Who gives the robber more?] The god of the New Fables-Yeshua - is the Yahwe of the Old Fables. We rationalists use the morality Michael Shermer des cribes in “The Science of Good and Evil.” Ghandi and King did not go against such evil. What ludicrity! Errantists just gloss over hte nonsense of their Fables.
Report thisBy David Hahn, June 10, 2006 at 4:33 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Now we are a nation of assassins and torturers (to say nothing of the many thousands of civilians—and our own military—who have died for this illegal war).
Hats off to the blood-thirsty press.
Report thisBy Umar Ibrahim, June 10, 2006 at 4:15 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
May Allah accept him as matyr
That is his good end
now the good ones have departed leaving behind the evil ones(Bush and others)
We are waiting the bad end of the evil ones
Report thisBy David, June 10, 2006 at 4:15 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
In the end,there is no martyrdom,no paradise and no god(s).
Report thisIf logic and reason had any part in religion,what then would become of faith?
By felicity smith, June 10, 2006 at 1:17 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
Fascinating article. Thanks. If nothing else it erases the Bush administration’s erroneous black and white picture of the Middle East and the world of Islam replacing it with a multi-colored, multi-shaded picture of huge complexity. One thing, seemingly unrelated, that jumped out at me was the statement that American forces were in Saudi Arabia to protect it from Saddam, which led me to wonder if the Gulf War and the Iraqi War were waged partly to defend Saudi Arabia. The long-time close ties between the Bush family and the Saudi royal family would certainly support the possibility.
Report thisBy Hilding Lindquist, June 10, 2006 at 12:44 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)
It is interesting—to say the least—that people in what many of them call a Christian nation (USA) actually think that the death of a leader at the hands of an enemy will quell an insurgency. Duh! Hasn’t history taught us anything?!
I mean, sure it might happen ... that is the insurgency might start to wane ... I don’t know, but I doubt it. We haven’t given the Muslim street a whole bunch of alternatives to sectarian violence a la strong militias to provide security for their families.
And my view of the truth is that if Iraq stabilizes now ... it will be a huge victory for Iran.
I consider Zarqawi to have been both our enemy and an enemy of the values and pricnciples to which I subscribe. But as Ghandi and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr taught us so eloquently, violence begats violence.
And the lesson ascribed to Jesus is that the stonger person must offer peace, and the children of God—by definition—are always the strongest. Turning the other cheek is not an act of weakness. This idea was the sea-change from the Old Testament to the New Testament.
It’s amazing how Fundamentalist Christians (in bed with the Neocons) just don’t get it. They are all stuck in the Old Testament with Joshua at Jericho.
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