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Arts and Culture

André Naffis-Sahely on Mahmoud Darwish

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Posted on Jun 18, 2010
Mahmoud Darwish

By André Naffis-Sahely

This review originally appeared in The TLS, whose website is www.the-tls.co.uk, and is reposted with permission.

“Who does Jerusalem belong to, you or them?”, Derek Walcott asks at the end of “In Cordoba”. Mahmoud Darwish does not answer; “It’s a hurtful question”, he says. When pressed on what he thought of the Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai, Darwish replied: “We write about the same place . . . so we compete: who loves it more? Who writes it better?”. A River Dies of Thirst: Journals, a late offering, alternates between the existential monologues of its prose poems and the lyric heights of its verse. In Catherine Cobham’s translation, we see French cafés, Lutheran churches and Spanish gardens – but the senses retain their Arab sparseness: “The smell of bread mixes with the smell of coffee in the mornings, awakening in me the desire for a fresh life”. This (as Mourid Barghouti recalled in his obituary of Darwish, who died in 2008) from a poet whose most famous line is “I miss my mother’s bread”. With his “uncitizen” papers firmly in his pocket, Darwish’s cosmopolitan observations are enticing – in “Two Travellers to a River”, for example, he imparts his delight at seeing a French boy and a Japanese girl in the grip of first love in an airport’s departure lounge. The gems in this book are undoubtedly in the prose; Cobham’s handling of the syntax in the lyrics leaves something to be desired, and some of her lines are awkward. Her far more masterful handling of the prose reminds the reader of her success in translating Hanan al-Shaykh’s novels.

 

book cover

 

If I Were Another: Poems

 

By Mahmoud Darwish

  

Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 240 pages

 

Buy the book

book cover

 

A River Dies of Thirst: journals

 

By Mahmoud Darwish

  

Archipelago Books, 160 pages

 

Buy the book

book cover

 

Mural

 

By Mahmoud Darwish

  

Verso, 88 pages

 

Buy the book

What is most appealing about these diaries is that for all the dream-like sequences and surrealist imagery, Darwish did not invent – he experienced. Twice divorced, childless and uncomfortable with the rising cronyism in Palestinian politics, he led a peripatetic existence that took him from central Italy to Paris, Stockholm, Morocco, Beirut and Egypt. Renowned for his shyness, he guarded his privacy jealously – and with humour. As with Cavafy, Robinson Jeffers and Robert Lowell, Darwish’s fascination with the dark undersides of both nature and history allowed him to glimpse the future over the terrible history of the past century, one shoulder slightly dropped so as to sneak a glance at Eden, Palestine, the homeland. History often got in the way of that. “What comes after history?”, Darwish asks in “Right of Return to Paradise”: “The only smooth road is the road to the abyss, until further notice . . . until the issuing of a divine pardon”. Two further volumes complete the publication of Darwish’s later works: Mural offers John Berger and Rema Hammami’s co-translation of the poem which Darwish considered his magnum opus; the second, If I Were Another, translated by Fady Joudah, is a collection of epics spanning the poet’s final two decades. The former volume, illustrated by Berger, juxtaposes “Mural” – a Lorca-esque dramatic sequence on the subjects of art and mortality – with “The Dice Player”, its shorter, more light-hearted sibling. It is with slight regret that, opening the book to Berger’s foreword, one finds him immediately fixating rather opaquely on the political, leading one to suspect that the translators were more concerned with Darwish as a symbol than as a craftsman. Their lines suffer from a clipped, didactic tone and fail to sustain the flow of philosophical questioning and lyric sensuousness in the original. Unlike Joudah, Berger in his introduction provides no exegesis of the poems, no clear sign of appreciation beyond a perfunctory kind of respect he feels for the voice “raised in protest”. Yet as Joudah reminds us, Darwish was quite clear on the issue: “The Palestinian is not a profession or a slogan”.

If I Were Another, which includes Joudah’s own version of “Mural”, is a supremely commendable effort. (His previous volume of translations, The Butterfly’s Burden, was awarded the Banipal Prize in 2008.) Joudah is adept in his handling of both the syntax and Darwish’s satirical humour: “In each wind a woman toys with her poet: / Take the direction you gave me, / the one that broke, / and bring back my femininity: / nothing remains for me outside pondering / the lake’s wrinkles”. (Berger and Hammami give “In every breeze a woman mocks her poet”.) Joudah’s willingness to forsake a crippling adherence to transliteration frees him to focus on the language and tone of the original. This “Late Selected” skilfully unsheathes the sheer playfulness of Darwish’s reflections, the interplay between “we” and “I”: “we may get rescued / from our story together: you are so much yourself . . . and I am / so much other than myself”.

Despite the disparities in translation, it is good to see Mahmoud Darwish’s works become widely available in both Britain and the United States. There is no finer Arab poet for English readers to start with. By harnessing the mass appeal of poetry in the Arab world in his continual efforts to “humanize the enemy”, Darwish was invaluable in establishing a Palestinian literature in the second half of the twentieth century, one in which his troubled land was seen in the perspective of the wider human condition.

André Naffis-Sahely is a poet and freelance reviewer. He is currently editing the “Selected Prose of Mick Imlah.” A selection of his fables will be published in Germany later this year.

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Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 22, 2010 at 12:18 pm Link to this comment

re:By kalpal, June 21 at 7:44 pm:

Kalpal, instead of posting another one of your
irritable mental gestures seeking to resemble ideas,
you might want to wait until you actually have
something to say.

Report this

By kalpal, June 21, 2010 at 3:44 pm Link to this comment

Jacob, stop wasting your time communicating with Ed Harges. His brain was closed long ago and his lack of an intellect is so obvious it screams out to the world.

He is a hate engine and will always be one. Let him fester in his poiling hatred and leave him alone to that task. You will not ever tell him anything. He knew it all but managed to forget 99.999999% of it recently and is no longer capable of taking in anything into his damaged hard-drive storage or RAM.

There is an old gypsy saying. “Never try to teach a pig to speak. You are wasting your time and you’re annoying the pig.” “Nuff said.

Report this

By Jacob, June 21, 2010 at 5:52 am Link to this comment

Walldizo60

Go to the UN archive and read the debate before and after the UN partition vote on November 29, 1947. You will see who supported the partition and who rejected it. And Benny Morris wrote:
“The Palestinian Arabs were responsible for what befell them in 1948. Their responsibility was very direct and simple. In defiance of the will of the international community, as embodied in the UN General Assembly Resolution of November 29th, 1947 (No. 181), they launched hostilities against the Jewish community in Palestine in the hope of aborting the emergence of the Jewish state and perhaps destroying that community. But they lost; and one of the results was the displacement of 700,000 of them from their homes.” (Letter to The Irish Times,February 21, 2008).
  Shlomo Sand’s assumption that there is no Jewish people is contradicted by recent genetic research.  The researchers found that despite their long-term residence in different countries and isolation from one another, most Jewish populations were not significantly different from one another at the genetic level. The researchers studied seven Jewish populations: Yemenite, Ashkenazic, Near Eastern, North African, Asia Minor and the Balkans, and Ethiopian. The first six showed a strong affinity, with the Ashkenazic and Yemenite populations coming out the closest. Palestinian, Syrian and other non-Jewish Middle Eastern populations were also very close to the Jewish populations. Another research showed that the Jews in different countries are much closer to Jews in other countries that to their non-Jewish neighbors.
  Not only history supports the existence of the Jewish people, so does science. Even though there is no “Jewish DNA”, there is a definite biological-genetic evidence that the Jews are one people and its origin is in the Middle East.
  Go and learn.

Report this

By Walldizo60, June 20, 2010 at 4:02 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

The usual pseudo argument repeated over and over again by zionists, is that Pals have failed to accept UN partition in 1948,while Israel,getting the better part of the pargain,expressed satisfaction with the UN resolution and immediatly started drawing its boarders with its Arab neighbors ha,ha. Jacob seems to ignore facts unraveled by many Jwish authers on this particular matter.It looks as if those blindly defending Israel have been suffering from moral cretin, prohibiting them the power to realize the changes that are taking place within the Arab world.Many Israelis with high sense of moral integrity have openly expressed dismay against the tidel increase of Jwish right powers, thus making it impossible to establish a condusive atmosphere for a fruitful dialogue.As for historical claims,it would be of interest to reffer to Jwish historians such as Tony Judt,BeniMorris and last but not least,Shlomo Sand with his well read book,“How the Jewish People was invented” to know the exact position of the Jwish claim to the land of Palestine.The message I wish to convey,is that people are entitled to know the truth about this protracted issue.Time for deception and lies deluding people into believing the Israeli narrative,has faded away opening the path for a more decent approach of information.

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By walldizo, June 20, 2010 at 12:03 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Every man should be viewed through his own personal experience which creates his identity.Darwish poetry was the noble suffering that accompanied his belonging while tasting the colors of Diaspora.Palestine was always there even when he walked streets of temptations that led to nowhere.Exhaustion had its toll finally, forcing Darwish to ask the occupiers for a reunion with his innocent memories in Palestine.Palestine was the girl whose hair was the fabric that allowed Darwish to tame the impossible giving chance for others to follow suit

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By Sydney Vilen, June 19, 2010 at 10:09 pm Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

For me, Darwish’s most resonant line is:

“Where shall the birds fly
After the last sky?”

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Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 19, 2010 at 11:07 am Link to this comment

Jacob is so typical of the Israeli thought police (including
the nominally “American” members of the force).

Not only must the Palestinians agree meekly to cease to exist
for the convenience of dear little Israel, but they mustn’t even
have the wrong feelings about it, impotently crying out in
a poem or a song. They—and the docile American public that foots the bill—
must all march to the Israeli drum and sing from the Israeli songbook— with
feeling
—or else they are intrinsically evil anti-Semites who inexplicably hate
all the Jews and wish them dead.

Report this

By Jacob, June 19, 2010 at 10:39 am Link to this comment

Nice to know that I “occupy” America and of course the TV News… 
  That is a very good example of what it means to belong to the LUNATIC left…

  It is also nice to know that the reactionary isolationist Ron Paul could be an inspiration to Darwish.

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Arabian Sinbad's avatar

By Arabian Sinbad, June 19, 2010 at 8:53 am Link to this comment

Sorry! The intended link in my previous post was copied wrong. Here’s the link again.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
G0N0iqUiaTs&playnext_from=TL&videos;=
tVYp7sC41b4

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Arabian Sinbad's avatar

By Arabian Sinbad, June 19, 2010 at 8:47 am Link to this comment

Just watch the following YouTube video and listen to the words and match them to the pictures!

I believe that if Mahmoud Darwish was alive and had a chance to watch this video, he would have been inspired to write what would his master piece!
==========================

http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/
the_christian_fascists_are_growing_stronger_20100607/

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Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 19, 2010 at 8:20 am Link to this comment

Oh dear me, did I express myself with an acidity unpleasant
to your pampered ears—so accustomed in Israeli-occupied
America to hearing nothing but expressions of praise and love
for the Holy State ?

Well, my failure to be nice to a militaristic racist ideologue is
in no way incompatible with liberalism. If you find that incomprehensible,
perhaps you’ve been watching too much of our Israeli-occupied TV “news”
programming, and have started to believe your own insultingly stupid
propaganda.

Report this

By Jacob, June 19, 2010 at 7:58 am Link to this comment

Of course a “true” liberal who uses personal insults is indeed very “principled”...
  As for the “cretin” remark - it takes one to know one…

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Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 19, 2010 at 7:35 am Link to this comment

re:By Jacob, June 19 at 10:45 am:

Amazing, Jacob. You mean to insult me by advising me to go vote for either David
Duke or Cynthia McKinney. The fact that you consider David Duke and Cynthia
McKinney equivalently evil shows the typical, unbelievably selfish tunnel vision of
the pro-Israel fanatic: no one and nothing has any existence, any moral meaning,
any significance or substance whatsoever, except insofar as he or she or it is
“good for Israel.” I’m a true, principled liberal; and as a consequence, I’m definitely
bad for Israel. And I’m perfectly proud of that, you moral cretin.

Report this

By Jacob, June 19, 2010 at 6:45 am Link to this comment

Ed,

  You can continue to hate Israel all you want. No, you are not “ethnically inferior” to anybody, except in your mind.
  No American soldiers have ever fought in any of Israel’s wars. 
  Next time, vote for the likes of David Duke or Cynthia McKinney…

Report this
Arabian Sinbad's avatar

By Arabian Sinbad, June 19, 2010 at 6:35 am Link to this comment

Jacob, June 18 at 9:30 am #

I hope that Naffis-Sahely has read Darwish’s poem asking the Jews to leave Palestine:

  “Dig up your dead, take their bones, and leave our
  land
  Live where you wish but do not live among us
  It is time for you to get out
  and die where you wish but do not die among us.
  Get out of our land, our continent, our sea
our wheat, our salt, our sore, our everything, and get out of the memory of memories.”

  It would be interesting to hear his opinion on that poem.
=====================
An Addendum to Darwish’s Poem Quoted Above, from another exiled Son of Palestine:

Bid farewell to your dead in their graves;
Let them rest in peace as the victims of Zionism;
But get ready to leave in peace if you can,
Before the storm gathers momentum;
And the souls of your dead and ours cry out for justice.

Take with you your “Golden Calfs,”
Your evil spirits, your psychopaths,
Your weapons of mass destruction,
Your machines of Zionist terror and death;
And leave us the true Abrahamic cousins,
the good Jews, to live and let live among us! 

Take with you your evil schemes,
Along with your racism, bigotry and arrogance;
Take with you your Masada Complex,
Along with that of the Holocaust,
and the industry of blackmailing you built around it!

Leave with all your evil baggage you brought to the Holy Land;

Leave before Nemesis, the goddess of retribution comes around!

And in your “exodus” of evil and shame,
make intent on repentance if you wish to come back,
as peaceful individual pilgrims,
not the marauders, savages and occupiers that you are!

Report this
Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 19, 2010 at 6:12 am Link to this comment

Pro-Israel zealots are so fond of telling us non-Jewish Americans,
their ethnically inferior servants, that it’s all so complex,
we shallow goyim can never hope to understand it.

But for some reason, our utter inability to comprehend the situation is not a
reason for us to stay out of the whole business.

No; our intellectual inferiority and ignorance is why we should keep funding, and
defending, and praising, and fighting wars to guarantee the security of the people
on one side of the dispute—and keep unquestioningly hating their enemies.

Report this

By Jacob, June 19, 2010 at 1:03 am Link to this comment

Dear Michael,

  You apparently forgot that Israel was established following the decision of the UN to end the British Mandate and have two independent states, one Arab and one Jewish. The Jews accepted, the Arabs did not. One day after the UN vote, they started a war, against the Palestinian Jewish community, hoping to prevent by force the implementation of the UN plan. They lost that war and brought nothing but disaster on the Palestinians, including the dispossession and the refugee problem.
  And,you forget that not a single colonial movement,
European or otherwise, had any historical connection to the land it colonized. The English did not became a people in India or the French in Algeria or the Duthch in South Africa. But, it is an undeniable historical fact that the Jews became a people in what later became known as Palestine, some 3500 y ago. And, every colonial movement had a “mother country” behind it. There was no such entity behind the Jewish settlement in Palestine.
  During the centuries there was always a Jewish presence in Palestine. Neither the Jews who came to Jerusalem in 1200, or the Jews who came to Safed in 1500, or the Jews who came in the 19th and 20th centuries are colonialists.
  If the Arabs had accepted the partition, today the Palestinian Arab state would have been 62 y old, side by side with the Palestinian Jewish state, and there would have been no refugees and the lives of thousands, on both sides, would have been spared.
  Yes, Darwish was an excellent poet. I like many of his poems, but the particular one I quoted, “Those Who Pass Between the Fleeting Words”, explains very well why it is so difficult to end the
hundred year old conflict.

Report this

By Michael Peter Bolus, Ph.D., June 18, 2010 at 11:18 am Link to this comment
(Unregistered commenter)

Dear Jacob,

I don’t know what the reviewer might think of the poem you gratuitously cite
outside the context of Mr.Darwish’s entire body of work, but the sensitive reader
will receive it as a wrenching, desperate, heartfelt response to the dispossession,
displacement, and brutal subjugation of his people at the hands of a European,
colonial endeavor. Please remind yourself, Jacob, that the modern state of Israel
has been built upon stolen property. No amount of military might, political
influence, or historical revisionism will ever alter that simple fact.

Report this
Ed Harges's avatar

By Ed Harges, June 18, 2010 at 5:37 am Link to this comment

Oh goodness me, what did the Zionists ever do to provoke such anger?

Report this

By Jacob, June 18, 2010 at 5:30 am Link to this comment

I hope that Naffis-Sahely has read Darwish’s poem asking the Jews to leave Palestine:

  “Dig up your dead, take their bones, and leave our land
  Live where you wish but do not live among us
  It is time for you to get out
  and die where you wish but do not die among us.
  Get out of our land, our continent, our sea
our wheat, our salt, our sore, our everything, and get out of the memory of memories.”
 
  It would be interesting to hear his opinion on that poem.

Report this
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