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Arts and Culture

Mark A. Fischer on Joe Torre

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Posted on Jul 3, 2009
book cover

By Mark A. Fischer

Does it matter who manages a baseball team? Leaders are important in life. So it should be true that baseball managers make a crucial difference in determining which teams win—and which lose. But how do we know for sure? Statistics aren’t of much use in distinguishing a manager’s success apart from the performance of his players. Does a great manager cause his team to win, say, four more games a year than it would without him? Ten more games? You really can’t look it up.

Casey Stengel was famously fabulous with the Yankees when he had Mickey Mantle in the outfield; not at all so much in the hopeless days when the Amazin’ Mets’ Marvelous Marv Throneberry prowled first base. In other words, absent gross incompetence on the part of the manager, will a team stocked with great players—whether idiots or savants—win the pennant regardless of who is the manager?

 

book cover

 

The Yankee Years

 

By Joe Torre and Tom Verducci

 

Doubleday, 512 pages

 

Buy the book

James Click, in his insightful piece “Is Joe Torre a Hall of Fame Manager?” (from the book “Baseball Between the Numbers,” Basic Books,  2006), wrote that Joe Torre is likely to enter the Hall of Fame. But he concluded that objective performance statistics aren’t the reason why.

From 1996 to 2007, Yankees skipper Joe Torre was the outward manifestation of calm leadership, protective of his players, gregarious and charming with the media (many guessed that after his managing career with the Yankees he would become a sportscaster—an occupation that he held for the five years between his managing the Atlanta Braves and the St. Louis Cardinals. Torre’s Yankees won four World Series (1996, 1998-2000). Inside Torre was a sensitive and judgmental mind, an insecure man in an insecure profession.

From the manager’s perspective there’s much to worry about—and not just his players. Looking outside at the baseball world from inside the manager’s office, it seems that diva players, owners, general managers, agents, reporters, fans and others can be devoted to making a manager’s life unhappy. It may be that this phenomenon is most acute when working for George Steinbrenner and his sons.

Managers, judging from “The Yankee Years,” attributed to Joe Torre and Tom Verducci (more about authorship later), usually are happy when their players play in the field and much less so at other times. Torre’s more recent experiences dominate the book, and these seem bittersweet, and, on occasion, just plain bitter.

To see long excerpts from “The Yankee Years,” click here.

Torre’s observations are expressed in the third person, or attributed to Torre in quotation marks. Is Torre being ironic, postmodernist or just distancing himself from his own book? I’m pretty sure it’s the third. Baseball guys seem to lack irony.

Many sports books are credited “as told to … ” Babe Ruth’s book was “as told to Bob Considine.” Torre has, it would appear, told this book to both himself and Tom Verducci. As a result, this otherwise informative and readable book lacks the intensity and authenticity that Torre’s own voice would have provided. The book opens with a sentence so detached it seems as if George Steinbrenner’s decision-making that made Torre the Yankees manager for the 1996 season is being analyzed from outer space rather than by the book’s author: “Joe Torre was the fourth choice.”

Because Torre had been critical of pitcher David Wells tattling about locker room baseball tales in Wells’ own book, Torre’s disclosure of inside stories inside baseball comes as a bit of a surprise. But Torre’s book is in the long line of books telling it all, pretty much beginning with Jim Brosnan’s “Long Season” in 1960 and, of course, Jim Bouton’s revelatory “Ball Four” a decade later.

Torre felt in his later Yankee years, with good reason, very insecure about keeping his job. All baseball managers should know that they are hired to be fired. Boston’s Terry Francona recently said that had not Dave Roberts stolen second base in game four of the 2004 playoffs, he, Francona, would have been out of a job (and he’s probably right about it). Torre seems to have believed that as a result of his team’s great success in the mid-1990s he was owed the special protection of long-term tenure. If he had been the manager of the Royals or the Diamondbacks he might have sensed the constant shadow of termination with more equanimity. It’s an old baseball observation that it’s easier for a general manager to fire the team’s manager for a losing season than to fire the team. Torre’s awareness of his job mortality hovered over the last few of his Yankee years.

Baseball is different from many other sports. The defense controls the ball. Methodically detailed playbooks (the ones that football and basketball coaches devise) describing set plays aren’t quite so useful in this game. The baseball season is a long one. Baseball managers tend not to be as fiery as their football counterparts (Billy Martin and Lou Pinella are the exceptions and not the rule). Screaming, inspirational clubhouse speeches lose their impact in the course of the 162-game season.

Instead, baseball mandates attention to subtleties. Ted Williams’ top batting tip was “get a good pitch to hit.” His Zen lesson is true in baseball and in life. The Splendid Splinter’s lesson suggests the limits every player faces in controlling the outcome of a game in which the pitcher sets the ball in play. It’s a hard game. A star player who hits .333 is failing to get a hit two-thirds of his times in the batter’s box.


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By Inherit The Wind, July 7 at 8:29 am #

Furthermore, many smart baseball players, even BRILLIANT ones make lousy managers.

Ty Cobb, at the end of his career, played for the Philadelphia Athletics and Connie Mack.  Cobb LOVED Mack because Mack made him a far better fielder. Mack knew EXACTLY how each pitcher pitched, how each hitter hit, and how the winds in each stadium affected the batted ball!  His positioning of players to maximize their defensive capability astonished and delighted Cobb, who was, by his own admission, a mediocre fielder who needed and WANTED every edge.  Contrast this with Darryl Strawberry’s refusal to move around int he Mets’ outfield, killing the grass in what was called the “Strawberry Patch”.

Yet Cobb as a manager was feared and hated, and never loved.  And he never won a pennant.  Ted Williams was a terrible manager.  Tommy LaSorda, who never made it out of the minor leagues as a pitcher, had remarkable success as a manager.  Frank Robinson, a HOF player, was never more than a mediocre manager.

Curiously, Rogers Hornsby, (described by some of his fellows as “a prick”) won one WS as player-manager for the Cardinals.  But as a manager never achieved that success again.

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By Inherit The Wind, July 7 at 8:20 am #

What Fischer doesn’t know about baseball, Joe Torre, the Yankees, or the New York pressure-cooker is endless.

Joe Torre was seen as a manager with limited, at best, success.  He was the 4th pick for the Yankees. Fischer misses JUST how significant an opening statement that is.  Also he misses that the NY tabs, (Daily News and NY Post) deplored the pick of “Clueless Joe” (as the banner headlines read at the time).  NOBODY expected him to be successful, and expected Steinbrenner to fire him as soon as someone “better” showed up—like Lou Pinella, a former Yankee star.

Fischer’s comments on managers being insecure is simply a reflection that ALL coaches are hired to be fired—in ALL sports.  Walter Alston suffered season after season as Walter O’Malley’s manager with never more than a 1 year contract—so he KNEW he could NEVER count on “wait till next year”.

Fischer also misses that Ted Williams’s “Get a good pitch to hit” wasn’t Williams’s insight: It was the advice he was given by Rogers Hornsby, perhaps the greatest pure hitter (and total @$$hole) in baseball’s history—the man who batter .424 for a single season.

One can get FAR better insight into a manager’s difficulties from Jim Bouton’s hilarious book “I Managed Good, They Just Played Bad”.  A baseball manager IS a manager, just like a project manager or a sales manager.  You can’t succeed with bad people, unless you turn them into good people.  And you can still fail with good people.

A sports manager has multiple jobs. College football/basketball coaches see it even more:
1) Recruitment
2) Training and teaching skills
3) Incorporating those skills into the team system
4) Managing personalities and conflicts
5) “Growing” the skills and talents of your personnel.
6) Setting long-term strategies
7) Setting short-term, “game day” strategies
8) Bench-managing, ie, coaching the game as events occur
9) Dealing with the GM and owners
10) Dealing with the press.

And probably a dozen things I missed as well—much of this is clearly the same as any manager.

Torre was, I believe, the third most successful manager the Yankees ever had, after Casey Stengel and Joe McCarthy (NOT the infamous Senator).  I don’t think Ralph Houk did better (I could be wrong) and I KNOW Billy Martin did worse.

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By Robert Buchanan, July 6 at 7:25 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)

Fischer raises a valid point—like all sports franchise managers, Torre really is just one more insecure man in an insecure profession.  Ultimately, how can anyone know for sure who is a good manager or a bad one? Mind you, maybe Fischer is showing his Red Sox bias and maybe no Red Sox fan is capable of loving the great Torre enough…

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By Milwaukee guy, July 3 at 5:32 pm #
(Unregistered commenter)

Well, thanks for your strongly held opinions, Mark, but I thought this was supposed to be a book review! Geez! And I happen to disagree with your main opinion: I think managers do win games and do make a big difference! And I think most baseball insiders would agree with me!

Unfortunately, I have seen too many poor managers fail to make the moves that good managers make to win games. Postioning a fielder just so, and watching him make a play he otherwise would not have made. Calling for a certain pitch at the right moment. Giving a struggling player a day off. Not panickng after losing the first game of a play-off series. All of these things make a critical difference.

Joe Torre lives and breathes baseball. He loves to analyze just-played games, re-consider options, talk the intricacies of the game. He is a master of baseball. Just his decision to have a bench coach was itself wise and masterful. The criteria for judging the performance of any manager is how much did he get out of the players he had, how well did he seize the opportunities at hand, and how well did handle the factors that were beyond his control—not, did he win the pennant?

And could anyone have handled George Steinbrenner any better than did Joe Torre?

I am so-o-o tired of hearing the easy cliche that “players play the game” when anyone can see the difference between a well-managed team and one that is not managed well. “Intuitively, baseball fans respect Torre”? No. Baseball fans have had many years of experience yielding many very good reasons to respect Joe Torre.

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By Samson, July 3 at 10:11 am #

The fascinating thing about baseball is that it is all a sequence of individual plays.  Even on a double play, each player has a series of independent individual acts to perform.  For instance, the shortstop would field a bouncing ground ball headed his direction. Then he gets the ball out of his glove and makes a throw towards second base, attempting to place the ball in the perfect position over the bag for the second baseman to easily catch the ball and continue the double play.

None of that has anything to do with any other player.  Its entirely up to the shortstop to execute his part of the play perfectly.  A double play only results when the three players all do their individual acts correctly.  Or four players if you include the pitcher who threw the pitch that induced the hitter to hit the ground ball to begin with.

Baseball is full of these larger constructs.  Double plays, scoring rallies and the such that actually put points on the scoreboard. Which combine into larger constructs like wins and losses and standings and pennant races.  Or the even larger statistical constructs like home run tallies, batting averages, earned run averages and the such. 

But, the key to playing baseball is to put all of that out of your mind, and instead focus your concentration entirely on that bouncing ball heading towards you so you can correctly catch the ball and throw it like you are supposed to do.  You have to forget that its the ninth inning of the seventh game of the world series. You have to forget that the sportswriters are touting you for going 71 post-season innings without an error.  You have to forget all of the larger constructs, and instead just focus entirely on that bouncing ball.

Some managers seem to have a knack for both picking the players who can do this, and then putting them into the right frame of mind where they can do this.  I watched Joe Torre take a always-losing Atlanta Braves team to the playoffs in the early 80’s.  He was a good manager before he went to the Yankees, and he seems to be doing a pretty good job since in LA.  Managing is a subtle thing in itself, and Joe Torre has a long record of being rather good at it.

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By Blackspeare, July 3 at 9:47 am #

Even though a baseball game can be slumberous, it is a complicated thinking man’s game.  The rule book is a tome when compared to lets say socker, whch has a manual a little less than two pages long.  Also, baseball is unique in a fascinating way——it is the only team game made up of individual play——except during a double play each team member plays for himself.  Also it is the only game, like cricket, where the offense never physically touches the ball.  Baseball is a great game to watch and play——and though it may appear to be slow. there is a lot of strategy going on between the pitches!  And as Soupy Sales would say, “Baseball is a game where he would kiss his girl friend between the strikes and she would kiss him between the balls!”  Yes, baseball is that great a game.

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